{"id":635,"date":"2023-01-26T08:50:08","date_gmt":"2023-01-26T08:50:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/website.prod.unilu.spikeseed.cloud\/snt-fr\/news\/prof-fridgen-on-the-impact-of-decentralised-digital-identities\/"},"modified":"2023-01-26T08:50:08","modified_gmt":"2023-01-26T08:50:08","slug":"prof-fridgen-on-the-impact-of-decentralised-digital-identities","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/snt-fr\/news\/prof-fridgen-on-the-impact-of-decentralised-digital-identities\/","title":{"rendered":"Prof. Fridgen on the Impact of Decentralised Digital Identities"},"content":{"rendered":"

In the\u00a0future,\u00a0digital identities will fundamentally change how we interact with online services. Doing a shopping tour\u00a0in\u00a0the city and visiting various\u00a0stores\u00a0is something we know well from the \u2018analogue\u2019 world. However, when the same scenario transfers online it suddenly becomes a cumbersome task. You need accounts for each and every\u00a0shop\u00a0that contain your personal information, such as delivery address or credit card. With a digital\u00a0identity,\u00a0entering different online shops through one single account will be possible, replicating that analogue shopping experience.\u00a0<\/p>

Author: Prof. Gilbert Fridgen, PayPal-FNR PEARL Chair in Digital Financial Services, head of the FINATRAX (Digital Financial Services and Cross-Organisational Digital Transformations) research group.<\/i><\/p>

Decentralised<\/i>\u00a0digital identities are the only solution to digital identity\u00a0management\u00a0that promotes democracy and freedom. With this approach, users are the only ones who have full access to their identity information and can choose what to disclose. Recent innovations can enable high security and high privacy standards at the same time. The European Commission is on the right path to adopt decentralised digital identities in their eIDAS 2.0 regulation.<\/p>

We are not there yet though. Today, the way of doing things is called fragmented identity management.Fragmented identity management means having your own account for each separate online service, and we all experience how inconvenient this is. People\u00a0choose between remembering each password or using a password manager. Too often this results in choosing to\u00a0reuse passwords, which is a security nightmare. The challenge is to unify all these accounts in a secure way. Ultimately, you want to have a single credential to access all services \u2013 a digital identity.<\/p>

How that unified digital identity comes to be is now the question we must address. With federated identity management, digital identities are centralised by a private company or a government\u00a0that offers\u00a0one single account. For\u00a0example, Facebook\u00a0or Google\u00a0offer\u00a0\u201clog-in\u00a0with\u201d features to access other services. In\u00a0Sweden,there is a digital bank ID, run by the banking industry and acknowledged by the government.\u00a0China and India are\u00a0managing the digital identities of\u00a0their residents in centralised governmental systems.\u00a0However, in all these centralised approaches users allow private or public institutions to gather information about\u00a0the\u00a0services they use and how often they use them. This is obviously a privacy issue.<\/p>

Decentralised\u00a0identity management\u00a0eliminates the privacy issue of federated identity management. In the decentralised approach, users receive so-called \u201cverifiable credentials\u201d from authorities. They can then prove their identity or further attributes by holding this information in a digital wallet stored on their smartphone. Credentials can also verify, for example, the existence of drivers\u2019 licenses and university diplomas, as well as any other private information such as age or bank details. Additionally, users only need to reveal the\u00a0information that is\u00a0actually\u00a0required. This is called\u00a0selective disclosure. For example, a car sharing service does not need to know the\u00a0full details of an ID card.\u00a0They\u00a0only need to know if the user has a valid driver\u2019s license.<\/p>

It is unavoidable that some form of digital identities will shape our online experience in the future. In contrast to federated approaches, privacy is the main objective of decentralised digital identities. With a decentralised approach users can\u00a0prove that they are eligible for a service without disclosing their internet activities to another party, be it a private company or government. Having the right to\u00a0act anonymously\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0Internet is just as important as it is\u00a0in the\u00a0‘analogue’ world:\u00a0When someone goes\u00a0to\u00a0a bar and is carded,\u00a0no one\u00a0else is informed that they showed their ID there. This\u00a0should also\u00a0apply\u00a0to the digital world.<\/p>

Decentralised digital identities prevent both private and public institutions\u00a0from collecting large\u00a0amounts of data\u00a0on\u00a0citizens. Too much data in the\u00a0hands\u00a0of private actors can lead to manipulation, for\u00a0example\u00a0when it comes to elections. Too much data in the\u00a0hands\u00a0of public actors can even lead to the persecution of political opponents. Decentralised digital identities are thus essential to democracy and freedom.<\/p>

The decentralised approach has thus been recognised as the way forward by the EU: The European Commission adopted digital wallets in the current draft eIDAS 2.0 regulation. The goal is to establish European digital identities for all residents. The digital identities will be stored in a digital wallet found in an app on their smartphone. The digital wallet uses the safety features of the\u00a0smartphone itself\u00a0to ensure that digital identity is not stolen.\u00a0<\/p>

The potential impact of a well implemented digital identity is infinite. For small e-commerce businesses it will be game changing as users will be able to provide\u00a0all the\u00a0required information to a small shop without creating an account. This could give SMEs new opportunities\u00a0compared\u00a0to\u00a0e-commerce\u00a0giants such as Amazon. For the financial services\u00a0industry,\u00a0this could be interesting when they are onboarding new\u00a0customers.\u00a0Know Your Customer (KYC) checks that are required by regulation are very costly and digital identities will make KYC processes easier, cheaper, and more efficient.<\/p>

Yet, decentralised digital identities still face three main challenges: standardisation, security, and usability. Standardisation is important because today many different standards are being developed. In addition, a solution must be\u00a0secure\u00a0to be trusted and to prevent hacking. Finally, digital identities must be easy to use.\u00a0<\/p>

Opponents of decentralised digital identities criticise the risk of identity theft and fear easier data collection. However, this should not deter us, instead fuelling investment in the needed cybersecurity and privacy advancements.<\/p>

In my research group at the University of Luxembourg\u2019s Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability, and Trust (SnT) we are working on the many sociotechnical questions concerning decentralised digital\u00a0identities. We are considering: how much decentralisation do we need? How can high usability be guaranteed while having a secure solution? What effects will digital identities have in industry? And what developments will we see in society? For example, the digital divide is a problem. What happens when people do not own a smartphone and cannot participate?<\/p>

Digital identities will appear all\u00a0around\u00a0the world. We will see centralised solutions run by private companies or governments.\u00a0However, decentralised\u00a0approaches to digital identities\u00a0will be\u00a0a cornerstone of democracy and freedom.<\/p>

Prof. Gilbert Fridgen<\/i>FinTech Taipei 2022 conference<\/i>\u00a0is\u00a0<\/i>PayPal-FNR PEARL Chair in Digital Financial Services<\/i>\u00a0and head of the FINATRAX (Digital Financial Services and Cross-<\/i>Organisational<\/i>\u00a0Digital Transformations) research group at the University of Luxembourg\u2019s Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT). He was a keynote speaker on \u201cDigital identities in the financial services industry – A European perspective\u201d at the\u00a0<\/i>.<\/i><\/p>

Read Prof. Fridgen\u2019s original LinkedIn\u00a0post<\/a>, and connect with him\u00a0here<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In the\u00a0future,\u00a0digital identities will fundamentally change how we interact with online services. Doing a shopping tour\u00a0in\u00a0the city and visiting various\u00a0stores\u00a0is something we know well from the \u2018analogue\u2019 world. However, when the same scenario transfers online it suddenly becomes a cumbersome task. You need accounts for each and every\u00a0shop\u00a0that contain your personal information, such as delivery address or credit card. With a digital\u00a0identity,\u00a0entering different online shops through one single account will be possible, replicating that analogue shopping experience.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":636,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"featured_image_focal_point":[],"show_featured_caption":false,"ulux_newsletter_groups":"","uluxPostTitle":"","uluxPrePostTitle":"","_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false},"news-category":[3],"news-topic":[],"organisation":[183],"authorship":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nProf. Fridgen on the Impact of Decentralised Digital Identities - SnT actualit\u00e9s I Universit\u00e9 du Luxembourg<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In the\u00a0future,\u00a0digital identities will fundamentally change how we interact with online services. 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