{"id":40548,"date":"2025-07-28T10:11:38","date_gmt":"2025-07-28T08:11:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fstm-en\/?post_type=news&#038;p=40548"},"modified":"2025-08-05T13:12:42","modified_gmt":"2025-08-05T11:12:42","slug":"the-brains-clock-revealed-uni-lu-researchers-map-time-perception-in-virtual-reality","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fstm-en\/news\/the-brains-clock-revealed-uni-lu-researchers-map-time-perception-in-virtual-reality\/","title":{"rendered":"The brain&#8217;s clock revealed: Uni.lu researchers map time perception in virtual reality"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<section class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-free-section section\"><div class=\"container xl:max-w-screen-xl\">\n<p>We&#8217;ve all experienced it: time can feel like it&#8217;s flying by when we&#8217;re engrossed in a task or enjoying ourselves, yet drag frustratingly slowly when we&#8217;re bored or stressed. This highly subjective feeling of time&#8217;s passage is fascinating, but for researchers and developers creating virtual reality (VR) experiences, it poses a significant challenge. How can you objectively measure something that is so deeply tied to a user&#8217;s internal mental state, like their stress levels, focus, or boredom, in real-time? Reliably capturing these psychological states is crucial for building truly immersive and adaptive VR environments that can respond to individual users. Current methods for understanding time perception in VR often rely on subjective questionnaires, which aren&#8217;t suitable for real-time monitoring. This is precisely why this research matters, it provides a groundbreaking step towards an objective, physiological way to measure this vital aspect of user experience.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-spacer is-spacer-size-md\"><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-unilux-blocks-heading\"        id=\"how-do-we-sense-time-in-virtual-reality\"\n    >\nHow do we sense time in virtual reality?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Researchers at the University of Luxembourg &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fstm-en\/people\/sahar-niknam\/\">Sahar Niknam<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fstm-en\/people\/saravanakumar-duraisamy\/\">Dr. Saravanakumar Duraisamy<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fstm-en\/people\/jean-botev\/\">Dr. Jean Botev<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fstm-en\/people\/luis-a-leiva\/\">Prof. Luis Leiva<\/a> &#8211; have made a significant breakthrough. Their pioneering study, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/orbilu.uni.lu\/handle\/10993\/64360\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Brain Signatures of Time Perception in Virtual Reality,<\/a>&#8221; investigates the power of electroencephalography (EEG) \u2013 a method used to record electrical activity in the brain\u2013 as an objective measure of time perception in VR. The team carefully recorded participants&#8217; brain signals as they experienced events in a VR environment designed to alter their sense of time. They then compared the brain activity to whether participants felt time passed faster (underestimation), slower (overestimation), or correctly.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image  object-fit--scale-down\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/07\/28114431\/tvcg_ul_teaser.png\"\n                srcset=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/07\/28114431\/tvcg_ul_teaser-300x163.png 300w, https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/07\/28114431\/tvcg_ul_teaser-1024x556.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/07\/28114431\/tvcg_ul_teaser-768x417.png 768w, https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/07\/28114431\/tvcg_ul_teaser.png 1500w\"\n                style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: scale-down; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: scale-down; width: 75%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure>\n\n\n<p> <\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-spacer is-spacer-size-sm\"><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-unilux-blocks-heading\"        id=\"reading-the-brains-clock-with-eeg\"\n    >\nReading the brain\u2019s clock with EEG<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Through detailed analysis of the EEG data, the researchers identified distinct spectral signatures -unique patterns of brainwave activity across different frequency bands- that correspond to these three different time perception states. What makes this finding particularly powerful is that these brain patterns were persistent across individuals, regardless of specific factors influencing their time perception, or the duration of the events. The quantitative validation confirmed significant differences between these states. The researchers describe this as being the first ever study to reveal \u201cobjective brain signatures during time perception&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-spacer is-spacer-size-sm\"><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-unilux-blocks-heading\"        id=\"transforming-vr-real-time-adaptation-based-on-brain-signals\"\n    >\n Transforming VR: real-time adaptation based on brain signals <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This identification of objective brain signatures for subjective time perception in VR has profound implications. It lays a vital foundation for creating next-generation adaptive VR experiences. By being able to monitor a user&#8217;s perception of time directly from their brain signals, VR applications could be dynamically altered in real-time. Imagine a VR game that speeds up time when you&#8217;re fully engaged, or a therapeutic environment that adapts if a patient feels time is dragging due to stress.Imagine a VR game that makes time feel faster if you&#8217;re highly engaged, or a therapeutic VR environment that subtly adjusts based on whether a patient feels time is moving too slowly due to stress. This objective measurement allows for a more nuanced and responsive interaction between the user and the virtual world.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-spacer is-spacer-size-sm\"><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-unilux-blocks-heading\"        id=\"whats-next-better-vr-experiences-and-improved-headsets\"\n    >\nWhat\u2019s next: better VR experiences and improved headsets <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Looking ahead, the team plans to continue the collaboration between the VR\/AR Lab and the Computational Interaction group. Planned future research will delve into assessing the reliability of these identified EEG signatures over longer durations, to make the findings applicable to extended VR experiences. A key next step is also to investigate whether features within the EEG signals can reveal not just <em>if<\/em> someone is over or underestimating time, but also the magnitude of that perception \u2013 essentially, <em>how much<\/em> slower or faster time feels to them. Future advancements also might involve integrating biosensors directly into VR headsets for improved user comfort and a more seamless data collection.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-spacer is-spacer-size-md\"><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-unilux-blocks-heading\"        id=\"more-information\"\n    >\nMore information<\/h2>\n\n\n<ul class=\"flex flex-wrap mt-24 -mx-16  wp-block-unilux-blocks-free-content-card\">\n    <li class=\"w-full sm:w-1\/2 lg:w-1\/3 px-16  wp-block-unilux-blocks-free-content-card-item\">\n    <div class=\"ulux-card card-residence bg-theme\">\n        <div class=\"ulux-card__container card__container\">\n                        <div class=\"ulux-card__visual wp-block-unilux-blocks-free-content-card-item-visual\">\n    \n<div class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-image-video-wrapper\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image  object-fit--cover\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/07\/28094901\/Screenshot-2025-07-28-094843.png\"\n                srcset=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/07\/28094901\/Screenshot-2025-07-28-094843-300x217.png 300w, https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/07\/28094901\/Screenshot-2025-07-28-094843.png 645w\"\n                style=\"object-position: 68.00% 37.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: cover; object-position: 68.00% 37.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 4\/3; object-fit: cover; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ulux-card__body wp-block-unilux-blocks-free-content-card-item-body\">\n    \n<div class=\"ulux-card__category wp-block-unilux-blocks-plain-text\"><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"ulux-card__title has-text-align-left wp-block-unilux-blocks-heading\"        id=\"collaborative-and-socio-technical-systems-coast\"\n    >\nCollaborative and Socio-Technical Systems (COaST)<\/h3>\n<div class=\"ulux-card__link-wrapper card__link wp-block-unilux-blocks-simple-cta\">\n    <a\n        href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fstm-en\/research-projects\/chronopilot\/\"\n        title=\"Learn more\"\n        class=\"link-text link-text--icon ulux-card__link link-text link-absolute\"\n        target=\"\"\n    >\n        <span class=\"link-text__body\">\n            <span class=\"link-text__name\">Learn more<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-right \"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-right\"><\/use><\/svg>    <\/a>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/li><li class=\"w-full sm:w-1\/2 lg:w-1\/3 px-16  wp-block-unilux-blocks-free-content-card-item\">\n    <div class=\"ulux-card card-residence bg-theme\">\n        <div class=\"ulux-card__container card__container\">\n                        <div class=\"ulux-card__visual wp-block-unilux-blocks-free-content-card-item-visual\">\n    \n<div class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-image-video-wrapper\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image  object-fit--cover\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/07\/28100902\/Screenshot-2025-07-28-100848.png\"\n                srcset=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/07\/28100902\/Screenshot-2025-07-28-100848-300x232.png 300w, https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/07\/28100902\/Screenshot-2025-07-28-100848.png 644w\"\n                style=\"object-position: 62.00% 0.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: cover; object-position: 62.00% 0.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 4\/3; object-fit: cover; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ulux-card__body wp-block-unilux-blocks-free-content-card-item-body\">\n    \n<div class=\"ulux-card__category wp-block-unilux-blocks-plain-text\"><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"ulux-card__title has-text-align-left wp-block-unilux-blocks-heading\"        id=\"computational-interaction-group\"\n    >\nComputational Interaction Group<\/h3>\n<div class=\"ulux-card__link-wrapper card__link wp-block-unilux-blocks-simple-cta\">\n    <a\n        href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fstm-en\/research-groups\/computational-interaction\/\"\n        title=\"Learn more\"\n        class=\"link-text link-text--icon ulux-card__link link-text link-absolute\"\n        target=\"\"\n    >\n        <span class=\"link-text__body\">\n            <span class=\"link-text__name\">Learn more<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-right \"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-right\"><\/use><\/svg>    <\/a>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/li><li class=\"w-full sm:w-1\/2 lg:w-1\/3 px-16  wp-block-unilux-blocks-free-content-card-item\">\n    <div class=\"ulux-card card-residence bg-theme\">\n        <div class=\"ulux-card__container card__container\">\n                        <div class=\"ulux-card__visual wp-block-unilux-blocks-free-content-card-item-visual\">\n    \n<div class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-image-video-wrapper\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image  object-fit--cover\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/07\/28095133\/Screenshot-2025-07-28-095112.png\"\n                srcset=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/07\/28095133\/Screenshot-2025-07-28-095112-300x229.png 300w, https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/07\/28095133\/Screenshot-2025-07-28-095112.png 623w\"\n                style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: cover; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 4\/3; object-fit: cover; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ulux-card__body wp-block-unilux-blocks-free-content-card-item-body\">\n    \n<div class=\"ulux-card__category wp-block-unilux-blocks-plain-text\"><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"ulux-card__title has-text-align-left wp-block-unilux-blocks-heading\"        id=\"modulating-human-subjective-time-experience-chronopilot\"\n    >\nModulating Human Subjective Time Experience (ChronoPilot)<\/h3>\n<div class=\"ulux-card__link-wrapper card__link wp-block-unilux-blocks-simple-cta\">\n    <a\n        href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fstm-en\/research-projects\/chronopilot\/\"\n        title=\"Learn more\"\n        class=\"link-text link-text--icon ulux-card__link link-text link-absolute\"\n        target=\"\"\n    >\n        <span class=\"link-text__body\">\n            <span class=\"link-text__name\">Learn more<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-right \"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-right\"><\/use><\/svg>    <\/a>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/li><\/ul>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-spacer is-spacer-size-md\"><\/div>\n\n\n<p><em>This research is<\/em> <em>supported by the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant numbers 964464 (ChronoPilot) and CHIST-ERA-20-BCI-001 (BANANA), the FNR, as well as the European Innovation Council under grant number 101071147 (SYMBIOTIK).<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":325,"featured_media":40561,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"featured_image_focal_point":[],"show_featured_caption":false,"ulux_newsletter_groups":"","uluxPostTitle":"","uluxPrePostTitle":"","_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false},"news-category":[8],"news-topic":[471,14],"organisation":[31,65,29],"authorship":[325],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.3 (Yoast SEO v22.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The brain&#039;s clock revealed: Uni.lu researchers map time perception in virtual reality - FSTM news I University of Luxembourg<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"We&#039;ve all experienced it: time can feel like it&#039;s flying by when we&#039;re engrossed in a task or enjoying ourselves, yet drag frustratingly slowly when we&#039;re\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fstm-en\/news\/the-brains-clock-revealed-uni-lu-researchers-map-time-perception-in-virtual-reality\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The brain&#039;s clock revealed: Uni.lu researchers map time perception in virtual reality\" 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