{"id":248,"date":"2018-09-27T14:24:12","date_gmt":"2018-09-27T14:24:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/website.prod.unilu.spikeseed.cloud\/fr\/news\/des-essaims-de-nanomachines-pour-ameliorer-lefficience-des-machines\/"},"modified":"2018-09-27T14:24:12","modified_gmt":"2018-09-27T14:24:12","slug":"des-essaims-de-nanomachines-pour-ameliorer-lefficience-des-machines","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fr\/news\/des-essaims-de-nanomachines-pour-ameliorer-lefficience-des-machines\/","title":{"rendered":"Des essaims de nanomachines pour am\u00e9liorer l\u2019efficience des machines"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u2019\u00e9quipe de recherche du professeur Massimiliano Esposito de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 du Luxembourg a \u00e9tudi\u00e9 la thermodynamique des petites nanomachines.<\/p>

Toutes les machines convertissent une forme d\u2019\u00e9nergie dans une autre forme \u2013 par exemple, un moteur de voiture transforme l\u2019\u00e9nergie stock\u00e9e dans le carburant en \u00e9nergie cin\u00e9tique. Ces processus de conversion \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, d\u00e9crits par la th\u00e9orie appel\u00e9e thermodynamique, ne se d\u00e9roulent pas uniquement au niveau macro des grosses machines, mais aussi au niveau micro des machines mol\u00e9culaires qui stimulent les muscles ou les processus m\u00e9taboliques et m\u00eame au niveau atomique. L\u2019\u00e9quipe de recherche du professeur Massimiliano Esposito de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 du Luxembourg \u00e9tudie la thermodynamique des petites nanomachines constitu\u00e9es uniquement de quelques atomes. Dans un article publi\u00e9 dans le prestigieux journal scientifique Physical Review X<\/a>, ils exposent comment les petites machines se comportent de concert. Leurs observations pourraient \u00eatre utilis\u00e9es pour am\u00e9liorer l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique de toutes sortes de machines, grosses ou petites.<\/p>

Les progr\u00e8s r\u00e9cents des nanotechnologies ont permis aux chercheurs de comprendre le monde dans des \u00e9chelles toujours plus petites et rendent m\u00eame possible la conception et la fabrication de machines artificielles extr\u00eamement petites. \u00ab Il est prouv\u00e9 que ces machines sont bien plus efficientes que les grosses machines comme les voitures. Et pourtant en termes absolus, leur rendement est faible par rapport aux besoins que nous avons dans les applications de la vie quotidienne, \u00bb explique Tim Herpich<\/a>, doctorant au sein du groupe de recherche du professeur Esposito et l\u2019auteur principal de l\u2019article. \u00ab C\u2019est pourquoi nous avons \u00e9tudi\u00e9 comment les nanomachines interagissent les unes avec les autres et comment se comportent les ensembles de ces petites machines. Nous voulions voir si des synergies se cr\u00e9ent lorsqu\u2019elles agissent de concert. \u00bb<\/p>

Les chercheurs ont d\u00e9couvert que dans certaines conditions, les nanomachines commencent \u00e0 s\u2019organiser en \u00ab essaims \u00bb et synchronisent leurs mouvements. \u00ab Nous avons pu d\u00e9montrer que la synchronisation des machines d\u00e9clenche des effets de synergie significatifs, de telle sorte que le rendement \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique de l\u2019ensemble est bien plus important que la somme des rendements individuels, \u00bb a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 le professeur Esposito<\/a>. Bien qu\u2019il s\u2019agisse de recherche fondamentale, les principes expos\u00e9s dans l\u2019article pourraient potentiellement \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s pour am\u00e9liorer l\u2019efficience de toutes les machines \u00e0 l\u2019avenir, explique le chercheur.<\/p>

Afin de stimuler et d\u2019\u00e9tudier le comportement \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique des essaims de nanomachines, les scientifiques ont cr\u00e9\u00e9 des mod\u00e8les math\u00e9matiques fond\u00e9s sur la documentation existante et les conclusions de la recherche exp\u00e9rimentale.<\/p><\/div><\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u2019\u00e9quipe de recherche du professeur Massimiliano Esposito de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 du Luxembourg a \u00e9tudi\u00e9 la thermodynamique des petites nanomachines.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"featured_image_focal_point":[],"show_featured_caption":false,"ulux_newsletter_groups":"","uluxPostTitle":"","uluxPrePostTitle":"","_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false},"news-category":[3],"news-topic":[],"organisation":[25,226],"authorship":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDes essaims de nanomachines pour am\u00e9liorer l\u2019efficience des machines - 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