{"id":4545,"date":"2025-03-14T10:49:48","date_gmt":"2025-03-14T09:49:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-fr\/?post_type=news&p=4545"},"modified":"2025-03-14T10:55:07","modified_gmt":"2025-03-14T09:55:07","slug":"how-gender-inequalities-influence-medical-diagnosis-and-treatment","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-fr\/news\/how-gender-inequalities-influence-medical-diagnosis-and-treatment\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s de genre influencent diagnostics m\u00e9dical et traitements"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Malgr\u00e9 les avanc\u00e9es en mati\u00e8re de droits des femmes, les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s de genre persistent dans de nombreux domaines, y compris celui de la sant\u00e9. Les r\u00e9centes recherches de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 du Luxembourg r\u00e9v\u00e8lent que le genre influence le diagnostic et la prise en charge de certaines maladies, entra\u00eenant des biais et un manque de reconnaissance de sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9s f\u00e9minines. De l\u2019autisme \u00e0 la d\u00e9mence, en passant par la sant\u00e9 mentale des jeunes filles, plusieurs \u00e9tudes alertent sur ces disparit\u00e9s et appellent \u00e0 une prise de conscience pour des soins de sant\u00e9 plus <\/strong>inclusifs<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samedi dernier, les femmes \u00e9taient c\u00e9l\u00e9br\u00e9es sur de nombreuses plateformes de m\u00e9dias et jusque dans les commerces \u00e0 l\u2019occasion de la journ\u00e9e internationale du droit des femmes. Bien qu\u2019ils soient c\u00e9l\u00e9br\u00e9s le 8 mars depuis 1911, les droits des femmes sont loin d\u2019\u00eatre acquis et les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s de genre touchent tous les domaines jusqu\u2019\u00e0 celui de la sant\u00e9. Selon diverses \u00e9tudes r\u00e9centes de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 du Luxembourg la consid\u00e9ration du genre peut jouer un r\u00f4le crucial dans le diagnostic et la prise en charge de certaines maladies et troubles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\nDes biais de diagnostic dans l\u2019autisme f\u00e9minin<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ce constat semble se confirmer pour Andreia Costa<\/a>, chercheuse au sein de l\u2019Institut Health and Behaviour<\/a>, sur le diagnostic des troubles du spectre autistique. \u00ab On commence \u00e0 remettre en question la pr\u00e9valence suppos\u00e9e plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e des troubles du spectre autistique chez les hommes. Les femmes sont probablement sous-diagnostiqu\u00e9es car le diagnostic ne prend pas en compte les sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9s f\u00e9minines de l\u2019autisme. Nous pensons que les femmes passent plus facilement inaper\u00e7ues car leurs comp\u00e9tences sociales seraient meilleures que celles des hommes. Or, la sociabilit\u00e9 est un crit\u00e8re important dans l\u2019\u00e9valuation de ce trouble<\/em> \u00bb, explique-t-elle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab Depuis leur plus jeune \u00e2ge, les femmes sont socialement encourag\u00e9es \u00e0 \u00eatre sociables. Cela peut \u00eatre l\u2019une des explications pour laquelle les femmes parviennent plus facilement que les hommes \u00e0 camoufler leurs difficult\u00e9s en mimant les comportements socialement accept\u00e9s<\/em> \u00bb poursuit Costa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bien que cette capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 mettre en place des strat\u00e9gies de camouflage dans des situations sociales puisse s\u2019av\u00e9rer b\u00e9n\u00e9fique lors de la recherche d\u2019un emploi pour les femmes, l\u2019avantage est bien souvent de courte dur\u00e9e. \u00ab Une fois en poste, les efforts d\u00e9ploy\u00e9s pour maintenir une fa\u00e7ade et minimiser leur diff\u00e9rence, co\u00fbtent beaucoup d\u2019\u00e9nergie et peuvent mener \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9puisement, la d\u00e9pression voire le burn out. Une femme qui ne socialise pas, qui ne va pas manger avec ses coll\u00e8gues sera plus vite jug\u00e9e qu\u2019un homme qui a le m\u00eame comportement <\/em>\u00bb, ajoute la chercheuse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\nL\u2019impact des in\u00e9galit\u00e9s sur la sant\u00e9 mentale et la d\u00e9mence<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Les femmes seraient \u00e9galement plus expos\u00e9es au risque de d\u00e9mence. Selon les analyses men\u00e9es en 2023 par l\u2019\u00e9quipe du projet CRISP<\/a> (Cognitive Ageing : From Educational Opportunities to Individual Risk Profiles)<\/a>, \u00ab les taux \u00e9lev\u00e9s de d\u00e9mences chez les femmes sont moins le r\u00e9sultat de la biologie que de la charge de risque plus \u00e9lev\u00e9es des femmes, indiqu\u00e9e par un niveau d\u2019\u00e9ducation plus bas et des profils de risques de sant\u00e9 plus d\u00e9favorables <\/em>\u00bb, note la coordinatrice du projet Anja Leist<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chez les plus jeunes, la parit\u00e9 dans la sant\u00e9 n\u2019est \u00e9galement pas au rendez-vous selon le dernier rapport Health and Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC)<\/a>. \u00ab Les filles font \u00e9tat d\u2019une sant\u00e9 mentale et d\u2019un bien \u00eatre syst\u00e9matiquement moins bons que les gar\u00e7ons <\/em>\u00bb, confirme Carolina Catunda<\/a>, en charge du rapport.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\nPlus de recherche pour plus d\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ces diff\u00e9rentes recherches mettent en lumi\u00e8re l\u2019importance de consid\u00e9rer les sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9s de genre dans le domaine de la sant\u00e9. Les trois chercheuses de la Facult\u00e9s de Sciences Humaines, Sociales et de l\u2019\u00c9ducation esp\u00e8rent permettre une meilleure compr\u00e9hension des disparit\u00e9s et am\u00e9liorer la prise en charge m\u00e9dicale et le bien \u00eatre des femmes gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 leurs travaux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\nPour aller plus loin<\/h2>\n\n\n
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    \n \n\"women <\/figure><\/div><\/div>
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    \nCAMOU \u2013 Facilitators and barriers to job access and retention among autistic women<\/h3>\n
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    Autistic women face challenges to find and maintain employment. The CAMOU project aims to understand the reasons and provide guidelines for career support.<\/p>\n<\/div>

    \n \n \n Learn more<\/span>\n <\/span>\n <\/use><\/svg> <\/a>\n<\/div>\n<\/div> <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/li>
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    \nCRISP \u2013 ERC Cognitive Ageing : From Educational Opportunities to Individual Risk Profiles<\/h3>\n
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    The five-year project CRISP investigates cognitive ageing and dementia from a life course and social perspective, with a particular focus on inequalities related to education and gender<\/p>\n<\/div>

    \n \n \n Learn more<\/span>\n <\/span>\n <\/use><\/svg> <\/a>\n<\/div>\n<\/div> <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/li>
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    \nHBSC Luxembourg \u2013 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children in Luxembourg<\/h3>\n
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    The HBSC study was founded in 1982 and nowadays the network includes 51 countries and regions from Europe, North America and Asia.It aims to understand the relationship between health and social factors and to communicate the results to the public. <\/p>\n<\/div>

    \n \n \n Learn more<\/span>\n <\/span>\n <\/use><\/svg> <\/a>\n<\/div>\n<\/div> <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Malgr\u00e9 les avanc\u00e9es en mati\u00e8re de droits des femmes, les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s de genre persistent dans de nombreux domaines, y compris celui de la sant\u00e9. Les r\u00e9centes recherches de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 du Luxembourg r\u00e9v\u00e8lent que le genre influence le diagnostic et la prise en charge de certaines maladies, entra\u00eenant des biais et un manque de reconnaissance de sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9s f\u00e9minines.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":126,"featured_media":4549,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"featured_image_focal_point":[],"show_featured_caption":false,"ulux_newsletter_groups":"","uluxPostTitle":"","uluxPrePostTitle":"","_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false},"news-category":[3],"news-topic":[22],"organisation":[149,178,146],"authorship":[126],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nComment les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s de genre influencent diagnostics m\u00e9dical et traitements - FHSE actualit\u00e9s I Universit\u00e9 du Luxembourg<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Malgr\u00e9 les avanc\u00e9es en mati\u00e8re de droits des femmes, les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s de genre persistent dans de nombreux domaines, y compris celui de la sant\u00e9. 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