{"id":1193,"date":"2023-07-26T12:09:24","date_gmt":"2023-07-26T12:09:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/website.prod.unilu.spikeseed.cloud\/fhse-en\/study-programs\/master-in-modern-and-contemporary-european-philosophy\/programme\/"},"modified":"2025-06-17T11:07:56","modified_gmt":"2025-06-17T09:07:56","slug":"programme","status":"publish","type":"study-programs","link":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/study-programs\/master-in-modern-and-contemporary-european-philosophy\/programme\/","title":{"rendered":"Programme"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"section py-0 static\">\n<section class=\"py-0 wp-block-unilux-blocks-free-section section\"><div class=\"container xl:max-w-screen-xl\"><!-- SecondaryNavigationMirror --><div class=\"js-secondary-nav--sticky wp-block-unilux-blocks-secondary-navigation\" id=\"f89fa6fb-b2bf-4be5-8109-b34df66d03cb\">\n    <nav id=\"secondary-navigation\" role=\"navigation\" aria-label=\"Secondary menu\" class=\"secondary-nav\">\n        <button class=\"secondary-nav__button btn btn-solid--primary w-full\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"secondary-navigation__list\" title=\"The selected page is Programme\" type=\"button\">\n            <span class=\"btn__name mr-auto\">Programme<\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--xs\">\n                <use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\" \/>\n            <\/svg>\n        <\/button>\n\n        <ul id=\"secondary-navigation__list\" class=\"secondary-nav__list\">\n            <li class=\"secondary-nav__item\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/study-programs\/master-in-modern-and-contemporary-european-philosophy\/\" target=\"\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"secondary-nav__link \">\n        <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--xs\">\n            <use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-right\" \/>\n        <\/svg>\n        <span class=\"secondary-nav__name\">Overview<\/span>\n    <\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"secondary-nav__item\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/study-programs\/master-in-modern-and-contemporary-european-philosophy\/programme\/\" target=\"\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"secondary-nav__link isactived\" aria-current=\"page\">\n        <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--xs\">\n            <use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-right\" \/>\n        <\/svg>\n        <span class=\"secondary-nav__name\">Programme<\/span>\n    <\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"secondary-nav__item\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/study-programs\/master-in-modern-and-contemporary-european-philosophy\/career\/\" target=\"\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"secondary-nav__link \">\n        <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--xs\">\n            <use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-right\" \/>\n        <\/svg>\n        <span class=\"secondary-nav__name\">Career<\/span>\n    <\/a>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"secondary-nav__item\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/study-programs\/master-in-modern-and-contemporary-european-philosophy\/teaching-staff\/\" target=\"\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"secondary-nav__link \">\n        <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--xs\">\n            <use 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wp-block-unilux-blocks-headline-text-and-image\">\n    \n<div class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-wrapper container xl:max-w-screen-xl\">\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-unilux-blocks-heading\"        id=\"programme\"\n    >\nProgramme<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-wrapper flex flex-wrap lg:-mx-32\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-wrapper w-full lg:w-7\/12 lg:order-2 lg:px-32\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-image-video-wrapper\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image  object-fit--cover\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/07\/OVERVIEW_PHILOPVCUq2.jpg\"\n                srcset=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/07\/OVERVIEW_PHILOPVCUq2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/07\/OVERVIEW_PHILOPVCUq2-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/07\/OVERVIEW_PHILOPVCUq2-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/07\/OVERVIEW_PHILOPVCUq2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/07\/OVERVIEW_PHILOPVCUq2.jpg 2000w\"\n                style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: cover; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 3\/2; object-fit: cover; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-wrapper w-full lg:w-5\/12 lg:order-1 lg:px-32\">\n<p>The curriculum covers a full-time two-year programme (120 ECTS), with the final semester being dedicated to a semester-long thesis project. All the classes are taught in English. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-custom-buttons btn-list\"><li class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-custom-button\"    aria-disabled=\"false\"\n    >\n    <a\n        role=\"link\"\n        aria-disabled=\"false\"\n                    href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/study-programs\/master-in-modern-and-contemporary-european-philosophy\/admissions\/\"\n                target=\"_self\"\n        class=\"btn btn--primary\"\n            >Admissions<\/a>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-free-section section\"><div class=\"container xl:max-w-screen-xl\">\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-unilux-blocks-heading\"        id=\"academic-contents\"\n    >\nAcademic Contents<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"tab-nav\" class=\"tab-nav\">\n    <button\n        type=\"button\"\n        class=\"button-toggle btn btn--white w-full\"\n        aria-expanded=\"false\"\n        aria-controls=\"tab-nav__listing\"\n        title=\"The selected tab is CONTENT OF THE CURRENT LABEL\"\n    >\n        <span class=\"btn__name mr-auto\">Semestre 1<\/span>\n        <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--xs\">\n            <use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\" \/>\n        <\/svg>\n    <\/button>\n    <ul\n        id=\"tab-nav__listing\"\n        class=\"tab-nav__listing nav manual\"\n        role=\"tablist\"\n        aria-label=\"About me\"\n    >\n                <li role=\"presentation\" class=\"tab-nav__item\" key={button.id}>\n            <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                id=\"tab-a4c7df73-0941-40ce-9760-316790c04e8f\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"tab\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#tabpanel-a4c7df73-0941-40ce-9760-316790c04e8f\"\n                role=\"tab\"\n                aria-controls=\"tabpanel-a4c7df73-0941-40ce-9760-316790c04e8f\"\n                aria-selected=\"false\"\n                aria-current=\"false\"\n                class=\"tab-nav__button\"\n                tabIndex=\"-1\"\n            >\n                <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--xs\">\n                    <use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-right\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n                <span class=\"tab-nav__name\">Semestre 1<\/span>\n            <\/button>\n        <\/li>\n                <li role=\"presentation\" class=\"tab-nav__item\" key={button.id}>\n            <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                id=\"tab-e24e73d9-ab64-4894-a545-96474396c245\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"tab\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#tabpanel-e24e73d9-ab64-4894-a545-96474396c245\"\n                role=\"tab\"\n                aria-controls=\"tabpanel-e24e73d9-ab64-4894-a545-96474396c245\"\n                aria-selected=\"false\"\n                aria-current=\"false\"\n                class=\"tab-nav__button\"\n                tabIndex=\"-1\"\n            >\n                <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--xs\">\n                    <use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-right\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n                <span class=\"tab-nav__name\">Semestre 2<\/span>\n            <\/button>\n        <\/li>\n                <li role=\"presentation\" class=\"tab-nav__item\" key={button.id}>\n            <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                id=\"tab-e29090b7-5fd8-454b-b5d7-1eedffe83be7\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"tab\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#tabpanel-e29090b7-5fd8-454b-b5d7-1eedffe83be7\"\n                role=\"tab\"\n                aria-controls=\"tabpanel-e29090b7-5fd8-454b-b5d7-1eedffe83be7\"\n                aria-selected=\"false\"\n                aria-current=\"false\"\n                class=\"tab-nav__button\"\n                tabIndex=\"-1\"\n            >\n                <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--xs\">\n                    <use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-right\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n                <span class=\"tab-nav__name\">Semestre 3<\/span>\n            <\/button>\n        <\/li>\n                <li role=\"presentation\" class=\"tab-nav__item\" key={button.id}>\n            <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                id=\"tab-92ac2adb-420b-4f88-85e7-6bbb5625df7a\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"tab\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#tabpanel-92ac2adb-420b-4f88-85e7-6bbb5625df7a\"\n                role=\"tab\"\n                aria-controls=\"tabpanel-92ac2adb-420b-4f88-85e7-6bbb5625df7a\"\n                aria-selected=\"false\"\n                aria-current=\"false\"\n                class=\"tab-nav__button\"\n                tabIndex=\"-1\"\n            >\n                <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--xs\">\n                    <use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-right\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n                <span class=\"tab-nav__name\">Semestre 4<\/span>\n            <\/button>\n        <\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tab-content\">\n    <section\n    id=\"tabpanel-a4c7df73-0941-40ce-9760-316790c04e8f\"\n    aria-labelledby=\"tab-a4c7df73-0941-40ce-9760-316790c04e8f\"\n    class=\"tab-panel fade hidden is-hidden\"\n>\n    <div class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-course-offer\">\n    <h3>Course offer for Semestre 1 (2025-2026 Winter)<\/h3>\n    \n<div id=\"accordion-module-69d343bfab175\" class=\"accordion accordion--theme\">\n            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfab199\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Rationalism                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            MAPR-19                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfab199\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfab175\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Rationalism<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> MAPR-19<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 1 : Early modern European philosophy<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> EN<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> Yes<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Course learning outcomes<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Students read with comprehension and interpret central texts by Descartes, Spinoza and Leibniz on the nature of intuition and intuitive knowledge. They analyze and reconstruct these texts, identify and evaluate its problems and develop solutions to these problems. Moreover, students make systematic connections between early modern conceptions of intuition and recent developments in contemporary philosophy.<br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        \u201cIntuition\u201d is a key philosophical concept (not only) in early modern philosophy. In this course we interpret, analyze and discuss central texts on intuition by Descartes, Spinoza and Leibniz (Locke). We discuss what their conceptions of intuition look like, what function they attribute to intuition and what the differences in their understanding of intuition are. We also relate early modern conceptions of intuition to relevant debates in in contemporary philosophy.<br>Bibliografie\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0<br>Descartes, R., Meditations on First Philosophy<br>&#8211; Rules for the Direction of the Natural Intelligence.<br>&#8211; Discourse on Method.<br>Spinoza, B. de, Ethics Demonstrated in Geometrical Order.<br>Leibniz, G.W.F., New Essays Concerning Human Understanding. <br>&#8211; Meditations on Knowledge, Truth, and Ideas.<br>Bonjour, L. (1998): In Defense of Pure Reason. A Rationalist Account of A Priori Justification, Cambridge 1998.<br>Bonjour, L. (2002): Epistemology. Classical Problems and Contemporary Responses, Oxford 2002.<br>Gutting, G. (1998): Rethinking Intuition: A Historical and Metaphilosophical Introduction, in: DePaul, M.\/Ramsey, W. (Hrsg.): Rethinking Intuition, Lanham 1998, pp. 3-13.<br>Hintikka, J. (1999): The Emperor\u2019s New Intuitions, in: The Journal of Philosophy 96 (1999), pp. 127-147.<br>Kornblith, H. (1998): The Role of Intuition in Philosophical Inquiry: An Account with No Unnatural Ingredients, in: DePaul, M.\/Ramsey, W. (Hrsg.): Rethinking Intuition, Lanham 1998, pp. 129-141.<br>Van De Pitte, F. (1988) : Intuition and judgement in Descartes\u2019s theory of truth, in : Journal of the History of Philosophy 26 (1988), S. 453-470.<br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        \u00a0<br>Paper (3000 words) or 30 min. oral exam\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfab1af\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Empiricism: Can We Build Morality from Sentiments?                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            MAPR-31                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfab1af\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfab175\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Empiricism: Can We Build Morality from Sentiments?<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> MAPR-31<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 1 : Early modern European philosophy<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> EN<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> Yes<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Course learning outcomes<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        \u00a0An empiricist moral philosophy says that we experience actions or attitudes as good or evil, right or wrong,<br>virtuous or vicious. Some prominent empiricists go further: we have a \u201cmoral sense\u201d that delivers \u201cmoral<br>sentiments\u201d, and when we classify, say, an action as virtuous, we talk, in essence, about sentiments (of a<br>certain kind) with regard to that action and project them onto the action. After this course, you should have<br>a good basic knowledge of such approaches to ethics: structures, varieties, challenges, pros and cons. \u00a0                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <p>We will make parts of the journey on our own, thinking without texts, but central passages of various texts,<br>old and new, will also be processed. The most important text will be 23 paragraphs from David Hume\u2019s<br>Treatise: from sec. 3.1.1, \u00a7 26; from sec. 3.1.2, \u00a7\u00a7 1\u20134, 6, 11; from sec. 3.3.1, \u00a7\u00a7 6\u201311, 14\u201323. Please read<br>those paragraphs with care and make thorough notes about them for your own use, in the style that is<br>explained here: www.fehige.info\/pdf\/Notes.pdf.<br>Typically, the task from one session to the next will be to read and condense a portion of text and prepare<br>answers to questions; the sessions themselves will typically be centred around your summaries and answers.<br>You need to prepare answers to questions from each session to the next and to present, in every session,<br>your answers in class. That\u2019s how this course works.<\/p><p><br><\/p>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <br>There will be a written exam, in English, in the afternoon of 15 Dec, on the campus Belval (not online).\u00a0                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Note<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <p>BIBLIOGRAPHY<\/p><br><p>You are not required to track down books or articles for this course because you will be provided with pdf<br>files of the excerpts that we will plough through. However, as always, reading more is instructive.<br>Simon Blackburn, Ruling Passions, Oxford 1998.<br>C. D. Broad, \u201cSome Reflections on Moral-Sense Theories in Ethics\u201d, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society,<br>New Series, 45 (1944\u201345).<br>David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature (1739\/40), ed. by David Fate Norton and Mary J. Norton, Oxford<br>2000 (in the series Oxford Philosophical Texts: The Complete Editions for Students); not to be confused<br>with (vol. 1 or both volumes of) the same two people\u2019s (!) edition of the same work (!), the<br>Treatise, for the same publisher (!) for another series, the Clarendon Hume Edition Series.<br>\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013, An Enquiry concerning the Principles of Morals (1751), ed. by Tom L. Beauchamp, Oxford 1998 (in the<br>series Oxford Philosophical Texts: The Complete Editions for Students).<br>Roderick Firth, \u201cEthical Absolutism and the Ideal Observer\u201d, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 12<br>(1952).<br>Francis Hutcheson, An Inquiry into the Original of our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue (first ed. in 1725), third ed.,<br>London 1729.<br>\u2013\u2013\u2013\u2013, An Essay on the Nature and Conduct of the Passions and Affections: With Illustrations on the Moral<br>Sense, London 1728.<br>J. L. Mackie, Hume\u2019s Moral Theory, Routledge, London 1980.<br>Elijah Millgram, \u201cMoral Values and Secondary Qualities\u201d, American Philosophical Quarterly 36 (1999).<br>Thomas P\u00f6lzler, Moral Reality and the Empirical Sciences, New York 2018, ch. 5.<br>Jesse Prinz, \u201cThe Emotional Basis of Moral Judgments\u201d, Philosophical Explorations 9 (2006).<\/p><br>\u00a0                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfab1bc\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Kant                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            MAPR-20                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfab1bc\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfab175\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Kant<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> MAPR-20<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 2 : Kant and German Idealism<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> EN<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> Yes<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Course learning outcomes<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <br>Students read with comprehension, and interpret the transcendental deduction of the categories in Kant\u2019s \u201cCritique of Pure Reason\u201d. They analyze and reconstruct the deduction\u2019s argument, identify and evaluate its problems and develop solutions to these problems. Moreover, students learn how to refer the central questions of the deduction to the post-Kantian and contemporary developments of philosophy.<br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <br><p>In this course we interpret, analyze and discuss Kant\u2019s theory of space and time. We mainly look at how Kant, in the transcendental aesthetic of the Critique of Pure Reason, argues for space and time as forms of intuition but also pay attention to the theory of space and time in Kant\u2019s philosophy of nature. The course concentrates on three questions: What is the aim of the transcendental aesthetic? Are the arguments from space and time convincing proofs their apriority, necessity and objectivity? What are the main problems of Kant\u2019s critical theory of space and time?<br>Bibliography: <br>Kant, I, Critique of Pure Reason. Trans. and ed. P. Guyer &amp; A. Wood. Cambridge 1998:<br>Cambridge University Press.<br>\u2014 Theoretical Philosophy after 1781. Trans. and ed. H. Allison &amp; P. Heath.<br>Cambridge 2002: Cambridge University Press.<br>Allison, Henry E., Kant\u2019s Transcendental idealism, An Interpretation and Defense, New Haven, London 22004.<br>Buroker, Jill Vance, Space and Incongruence. The Origin of Kant\u2019s Idealism, Dordrecht 1981.<br>Falkenstein, Lorne, Kant\u2019s Intuitionism. A Commentary on the Transcendental Aesthetic, Toronto 1995.<br>Guyer, Paul, Kant and the Claims of Knowledge, Cambridge 1987.<br>Warren, Daniel, \u201cKant and the Apriority of Space\u201d, in Philosophical Review 107 (1998), pp. 179\u2013224<br><br><\/p>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        \u00a0Paper (3000 words) or oral exam                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfab1c8\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                German Idealism I                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            MAPR-21                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfab1c8\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfab175\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> German Idealism I<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> MAPR-21<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 2 : Kant and German Idealism<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> EN<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> Yes<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Course learning outcomes<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        \u00a0The Students will be made familiar with the key concepts of Hegels Practical Philosophy and situate in a systematic perspectve Hegel\u2019s\u00a0 Social and Political Philosopy between two\u00a0 political conceptions : the contemporary formulations of Political Liberalism and\u00a0 Communitarianism. The seminar will highlight\u00a0 Hegel\u2019s critique of political Liberalism on the one side and the elements Hegel\u2019s practical philosopohy has in common with communitarianism, on the other side. The main goal ist to underline Hegel\u2019s presence in contemporary social and political philosophies.<br><br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        \u00a0The course will begin with a general introduction to Hegel\u2019s phiolosophy as one of the most important moment in German idealism and focus on Hegel\u2018s social and political philosophy.\u00a0 Emphasis will be put on Hegel\u2019s originality as a philosopher who tries to unite two different traditions\u00a0 in social and political philosopohy : modern social and political theories and\u00a0 non modern and romantic conception of political life. In this sense his practical philosoohy is one of the best ways to introduce and illustrate the\u00a0 main controversies in contemporary social and political philosophical theories.<br><br>Bibliography<br>A short bibliography will be distributed at the beginning of the seminar. The seminar will be mainly based on Hegel\u2019s Philosophy of Law<br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        \u00a0 <br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfab1d4\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Contemporary European Philosophy I                 <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            MAPR-36                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfab1d4\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfab175\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Contemporary European Philosophy I <\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> MAPR-36<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 3 : 20th century and contemporary European philosophy<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> EN<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> Yes<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Course learning outcomes<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        The students work on an advanced topic in contemporary philosophy. They acquire the relevant concepts and conceptual distinctions, come to know the most important approaches, and try to critically assess the views put forward by prominent authors. A systematic understanding of epistemological phenomena is the central goal.<br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        The simple starting point for our studies is the question: What is knowledge? More recently, within the post-Gettier discussion, it has been emphasized that a theory of knowledge must preserve the intuition that knowledge is more valuable than merely true belief. This is known as the so-called \u2018value problem\u2019. So the question can be put in the following way: What is knowledge such that it is more valuable than merely true belief? \u2013 An interesting approach has been proposed by Ernest Sosa and John Greco, within the framework of so-called virtue epistemology. According to this proposal, knowledge is of special epistemic value since it involves the exercizing of an epistemic competence (epistemic \u2018virtue\u2019). We would like to study the value problem and, in particular, the solution provided by virtue epistemology. Epistemic normativity will take center stage. Hybrid views, like Duncan Pritchard \u2018anti-luck virtue epistemology\u2019, combining the virtue idea with other ideas, will be studied. Finally, Williamson\u2019s \u2018Knowledge-First\u2019 view will be discussed.<br><p>Bibliography:<\/p><p>Pritchard, D., What is this thing called knowledge?, Routledge, 2006.<br>Greco, J., Achieving Knowledge, Cambridge University Press, 2010.<br>Sosa, E., A Virtue Epistemology, Vol. I, Oxford University Press, 2009.<br>Pritchard, D., Anti-luck virtue epistemology, Journal of Philosophy 109:3, 247-49, 2012.<br>Williamson, T., Knowledge and Its Limits, Oxford University Press, 2000.<br><br><\/p>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        \u00a0<br>\u00a0Presentation and paper (3000 words)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfab1e0\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Nietzsche\/Philosophy of Existence\/Hermeneutics: Continental Philosophy                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            MAPR-22                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfab1e0\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfab175\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Nietzsche\/Philosophy of Existence\/Hermeneutics: Continental Philosophy<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> MAPR-22<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 3 : 20th century and contemporary European philosophy<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> EN<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> Yes<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Course learning outcomes<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Students will be able to understand some main issues at stake in Nietzsche&#8217;s and Heidegger&#8217;s philosophical works, as well as to critically discuss some of their views.                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        This course explores some central themes in Nietzsche\u2019s and Heidegger\u2019s philosophies viewed from a both historical and contemporary perspective. We begin with a very brief historical introduction which focuses on the so-called \u2018identity crisis of philosophy\u2019 and contrasts Nietzsche\u2019s and Heidegger\u2019s views with the Plato renaissance in neo-Kantianism. We then narrow down the scope of the course by zooming on specific topics. The first part of the course consists in an overview of Nietzsche\u2019s thoughts about topics such as music, truth, the self, values, and self-overcoming. The second part addresses Heidegger\u2019s efforts toward a better understanding of factual life, the person, norms, emotions, and language.<br><br>Bibliography:<br>Complete editions:<br>Nietzsche, F. 1967\u2014. Werke. Kritische Gesamtausgabe. Berlin\/New York: de Gruyter, 1967 (see also the Digital Facsimile Edition by Paolo D\u2019Iorio, available on ).<br>Heidegger, M. 1975\u2014. Gesamtausgabe. Frankfurt am Main: Klostermann.<br>Recommended reading:<br>Nietzsche, F., 2005. \u2018Ecce Homo: How to Become What you Are.\u2019 In The Antichrist, Ecce Homo, Twilight of the Idols and Other Writings. Cambridge: CUP, p. 69-152.<br>Emden, C. 2014. Nietzsche\u2019s Naturalism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<br>Heidegger, M. 1993a. Sein und Zeit (1927). T\u00fcbingen: Niemeyer, 17th ed. Engl. trans. J. Macquarrie and E. Robinson, Being and Time, London, SCM Press, 1962; new engl. trans. Joan Stambaugh, revised by Dennis J. Schmidt, Albany, New York: State University of New York Press, 2010, part 1.<br>Crowell, S. 2013. Normativity and Phenomenology in Husserl and Heidegger. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<br>Material for the classes will be made available on Moodle.<br><br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <br>ll students will be required to take an active part in class discussions throughout the semester and to prepare a paper on some relevant topic. A powerpoint version of the paper will be presented in class in one or other of the two closing sessions in December.<br>Grade will be determined by: <br>1.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0class participation<br>2.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a015-minute class presentation in English<br>3.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0paper (3000 words\/10 pages, written in English, French or German, deadline for final version: tbd) <br>Papers are expected to meet the academic standards in terms of language quality, clarity and logical articulation, full-blown references, etc. <br><br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfab1ec\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Philosophy &amp; Ethics of AI                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            MAPR-57                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfab1ec\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfab175\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Philosophy &amp; Ethics of AI<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> MAPR-57<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 5 : Optional Module<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> EN<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> No<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Course learning outcomes<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        By the end of the course, students should have sufficient understanding both of core philosophical concepts and also the technical details of AI technology, that they can precisely articulate ethical\/philosophical problems and theories but also propose realistic possible solutions that take technological and computational constraints into account. There will be an emphasis on group work and on collaboration between philosophers and computer scientists on a course project.<br>By the end of this course students should have acquired a basic grounding in philosophy and normative ethics, but also a detailed understanding of recent developments in A.I. technology. The aim will be to provide students with the conceptual tools to be comfortable working in an inter-disciplinary manner. Students will develop critical and communicative skills by engaging with literature and topics from both philosophy and computer science. The emphasis in this course will be on developing the ability to collaborate across disciplines so as to explore and provide possible solutions to philosophical and ethical problems that are generated by Artificial Intelligence.<br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Advances in computing technology, especially in Artificial Intelligence, raise the very real prospect of imminent, radical changes to everyday human life: e.g. in employment, healthcare, military conflicts, privacy, education, legal processes and institutions, etc. Trying to work out the ethical implications of these changes is surely one of the most pressing questions that humanity currently faces. AI and related technologies also raise profound philosophical questions concerning the nature of the mental, intelligence, rationality and knowledge.<br>In this course we will try to approach some of these ethical and philosophical questions from an inter-disciplinary perspective. The course will be taught by faculty members from both the Philosophy and Computer Science departments and is open to students studying either the Masters in Contemporary European Philosophy or the Masters in Information and Computer Science.                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Short Mid-Term Essay (c. 2000 words): 20%<br>Short Homework Exercises: 20%<br>Final Group Project: 60%<br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfab1f8\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Internship                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            MAPR-43                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfab1f8\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfab175\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Internship<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> MAPR-43<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 5 : Optional Module<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> FR<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> No<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                \n                \n                \n                \n                \n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfab204\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Deutsch allgemein A2.1 (online)                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            LC_CAT-280                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfab204\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfab175\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Deutsch allgemein A2.1 (online)<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> LC_CAT-280<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 5 : Optional Module<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> DE<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> No<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Objectives<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <p>\n                            \u00a0<br><p>The objective of the online-classroom work is the continued acquisition of basic oral and written skills through communicative activities in speaking, listening, writing, and reading\u2013individually, in pairs, and in groups.<br>The objective of the Moodle activities is to consolidate and deepen what has been learned in class. A reading project tailored to the students\u2019 proficiency level will be integrated into these activities. Additionally, students will develop a writing portfolio with two short texts and give a short in-class presentation on a university-related topic during the semester. The course concludes with a test covering the communicative activities listening, reading and writing as well as grammar.<\/p>                        <\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Course learning outcomes<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Learning outcomes<br>By the end of this course, students should be able to:<br><ul><li>Understand\u00a0 \u00a0 and\u00a0 \u00a0 provide\u00a0 \u00a0 information\u00a0 \u00a0 about\u00a0 \u00a0 university life, family, profession, tourism and culture, sports and food, learning experiences, media and communication, travel and climate, as well as mobility and professional life.<\/li><li>Understand and provide information about past activities.<\/li><li>Ask for help, make recommendations and suggestions, and convey hope and surprise. Students will also be able to discuss learning experiences and habits, express happiness, enthusiasm, and disappointment, as well as satisfaction and dissatisfaction, and show interest and disinterest. Additionally, students will be able to book rooms, give directions, talk about the weather, and explain things.<\/li><li>Give a short presentation on a university-related topic.<\/li><li>Compose basic texts and revise them with the support of the teacher.<\/li><\/ul>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        This online-course aims to develop language skills to achieve levelA2inGerman(A2.1 in the winter term and A2.2 in the summer term).<br>Communication skills: Students will learn to understand written and oral texts about everyday life and, to some extent, university life. They will be able to speak about a variety of everyday topics and handle different everyday situations linguistically. Additionally, they will write typical short texts used in daily communication.<br>Grammar: The course covers the perfect tense (regular and irregular verbs), possessive pronouns, prepositions, adjective declension, common conjunctions, reflexive verbs, temporal conjunctions, local prepositions, the passive voice, phrase construction, dative and accusative objects, verbs with prepositions, the past tense, demonstrative pronouns, relative clauses, and relative pronouns.<br>Course design: This is a blended learning course in which students develop their language skills both in presence online and on an e-learning platform (Moodle).                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Evaluation<br><p>Speaking skills will be evaluated through an oral presentation online.<br>Listening, writing and reading skills will be evaluated through a handwritten exam. Attention: This exam will be organized on-site in the last week of the seminar.<\/p><br><p>Listening: Key information from listening texts(radio, TV, etc.) must be understood.<br>Reading: Key information must be found in short reading texts, or questions about these texts must be answered.<br>Writing: Basic text production is required.<\/p><br><p><br>Notes on the use of AI<br>The unauthorized or inappropriate use of AI, as well as the copying of work created by others and presenting it as one&#8217;s own in the preparation of oral or written texts, may result in the initiation of disciplinary proceedings by the University. See: https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2025\/03\/VRA_Disciplinary-procedure-fraud-plagiarism_directive_v4_EN.pdf\u00a0<\/p>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Note<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        \u00a0<br><p><br>Bibliography<br><\/p><br><p>Habersack, Charlotte(2020): Menschen A2. Deutsch als Fremdsprache. Kursbuch. Ismaning: Hueber.<br>Breitsameter, Anna(2023): Menschen A2. Deutsch als Fremdsprache. Arbeitsbuch. Ismaning: Hueber.<br>Luger, Urs: Schiller, Schiller. Hueber-Verlag (will be made available online as a PDF and as an audio file)<\/p><br>\u00a0<br>\u00a0<br>\u00a0                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfab210\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Philosophy of Law: Political Philosophy from Condorcet to Foucault                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            MAPR-45                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfab210\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfab175\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Philosophy of Law: Political Philosophy from Condorcet to Foucault<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> MAPR-45<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 5 : Optional Module<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> EN<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> No<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Course learning outcomes<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Students will develop a wide-ranging understanding of the evolution of the French debate on the relationship between scientific rationality and society, from the Enlightenment to the 20th century, while cultivating a critical perspective on the universalistic conception of Western rationality. Through direct engagement with primary texts from both philosophical and sociological traditions, they will enhance their ability to conduct analysis and develop critical readings, adopting a holistic approach to the inquiries. Students will be equipped to contextualize these texts within their appropriate intellectual and historical frameworks while demonstrating independence in articulating their analyses with intellectual rigor both orally and in written form.<br><br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        The course aims to trace the philosophical foundations of the development of art social and the science of society, engaging with intellectual currents in France that treated both biological and social dimensions as subjects of scientific analysis, thus confronting questions about the nature of knowledge, social progress, and social organization. Through the works of thinkers such as Condorcet, Saint-Simon, Comte, Durkheim, and Foucault, the course examines the evolution of scientific rationality as applied to the structuring of both social and political life, challenging the linear and emancipatory modern narrative of progress. <br>A bibliography comprising a selection of works will be made available at the first session.<br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        (1) Final Term Paper 70%<br>(2) Presentation 20%<br>(3) Class Participation 10%<br>\u00a0<br><br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfab21c\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Fran\u00e7ais acad\u00e9mique  B1 (Belval)                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            LC_CAT-182                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfab21c\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfab175\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Fran\u00e7ais acad\u00e9mique  B1 (Belval)<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> LC_CAT-182<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 5 : Optional Module<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> FR<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> No<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Objectives<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <p>\n                            \u00a0                        <\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Course learning outcomes<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Objectifs et R\u00e9sultats d\u2019Apprentissage (learning outcomes)<br>\u00a0<br>L\u2019objectif de ce cours est d\u2019acqu\u00e9rir les connaissances suffisantes en fran\u00e7ais pour acc\u00e9der au cours de niveau universitaire B2. Cette remise \u00e0 niveau est faite gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 : des exercices de compr\u00e9hension orale, de compr\u00e9hension \u00e9crite. \u00c0 l\u2019oral seront mis en place des jeux de r\u00f4les, des pr\u00e9sentations et des d\u00e9bats. Nous \u00e9laborerons \u00e9galement des cartes mentales qui faciliteront l\u2019acquisition du vocabulaire.<br>Nous nous attarderons \u00e9galement sur la r\u00e9daction de diff\u00e9rents genres de texte dont nous d\u00e9taillerons leur structure.<br>Toutes ces activit\u00e9s seront ludiques, r\u00e9pondront \u00e0 des besoins concrets. Les modalit\u00e9s de travail seront vari\u00e9es : travail en grand groupe, en bin\u00f4mes, individuel afin de favoriser la collaboration entre pairs.<br>Le contenu sera adapt\u00e9 selon les besoins du groupe, ainsi vous pourrez commencer le semestre suivant sur des bases solides.<br>\u00c0 l\u2019issue de ce cours vous serez capable de :<ul><li>lire des articles sur des questions contemporaines<\/li><li>comprendre diff\u00e9rents points de vue<\/li><li>comprendre un texte litt\u00e9raire contemporain<\/li><li>\u00e9crire des textes clairs et d\u00e9taill\u00e9s sur des sujets relatifs \u00e0 vos int\u00e9r\u00eats<\/li><li>\u00e9crire un essai ou un rapport sur un sujet pr\u00e9cis de mani\u00e8re concise, claire, et efficace<\/li><li>exposer son argumentation<\/li><li>mettre en valeur son opinion sur un \u00e9v\u00e9nement ou une exp\u00e9rience<\/li><\/ul>\u00a0                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Ce cours a pour but de renforcer vos connaissances et vos pratiques en langue fran\u00e7aise, notamment \u00e0 l\u2019oral et \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9crit afin de r\u00e9pondre aux exigences du cadre universitaire et de votre future carri\u00e8re.<br>Dans une perspective actionnelle, nous travaillerons sur des documents authentiques tels que des articles de presse ou des extraits vid\u00e9o.<br>C\u2019est \u00e0 travers notre corpus que nous aborderons la grammaire et le vocabulaire, outils au service de vos besoins de communication.\u00a0<br>Vous d\u00e9duirez les r\u00e8gles de grammaire \u00e0 partir d\u2019exemples concrets du corpus et les mettrez en pratique \u00e0 travers plusieurs exercices ludiques.<br>Le travail de production \u00e9crite sera d\u00e9clin\u00e9 sous plusieurs formes :<br><ul><li>donner ses arguments sous la forme d\u2019une liste d\u2019id\u00e9es<\/li><li>la r\u00e9daction d&#8217;une r\u00e9clamation<\/li><li>une lettre officielle<\/li><li>un r\u00e9sum\u00e9 d\u2019article<\/li><li>un article argument\u00e9 (2 pages maximum) sur un sujet de votre choix.<br><\/li><\/ul>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <p>La note finale repose sur deux volets :<\/p><br>\u00c9valuations continues (50 %) :<br> Une production orale individuelle (expos\u00e9, argumentation ou simulation) (40%)<br> Une production \u00e9crite individuelle (r\u00e9daction d\u2019un texte parmi ceux travaill\u00e9s en cours) (60%)<br>\u00c9valuation finale (50 %) :<br> Une \u00e9preuve finale \u00e9crite portant sur les comp\u00e9tences abord\u00e9es durant le semestre : compr\u00e9hension (\u00e9crite et orale), production (\u00e9crite et orale), grammaire, vocabulaire.<br> Les consignes et crit\u00e8res seront pr\u00e9cis\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019avance (structure du texte, correction linguistique, clart\u00e9 des id\u00e9es, etc.).<br>Un maximum de 2 absences est accept\u00e9.<p>\u00a0<\/p>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Note<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Bibliographie<br>\u00c9dito B1, \u00c9ditions Didier, 2018<br>Grammaire essentielle du fran\u00e7ais, B1, Didier, 2015<br>Cosmopolite B1, Hachette, 2018                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfab227\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Fran\u00e7ais acad\u00e9mique B2 (Belval)                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            LC_CAT-186                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfab227\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfab175\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Fran\u00e7ais acad\u00e9mique B2 (Belval)<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> LC_CAT-186<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 5 : Optional Module<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> FR<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> No<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Objectives<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <p>\n                            Ce<br>cours<br>a<br>pour<br>but<br>de<br>renforcer<br>vos<br>connaissances<br>et vos<br>pratiques<br>en<br>langue<br>fran\u00e7aise,<br>afin d\u2019enrichir vos productions \u00e9crites et orales, non seulement dans le cadre de vos<br>\u00e9tudes<br>ou<br>de<br>votre<br>m\u00e9tier<br>mais<br>aussi<br>dans<br>les<br>situations<br>de<br>communication<br>avec<br>d\u2019autres<br>personnes.<br>\u00a0<br>\u00a0                        <\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Course learning outcomes<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Objectifs et r\u00e9sultats d\u2019apprentissage :<br>\u00c0 l\u2019issue de ce cours, vous aurez acquis des strat\u00e9gies afin de :<br><ul><li>Comprendre et commenter un document \u00e9crit et un document oral (un article\u00a0 \u00a0informatif, un article d\u2019opinion, un podcast\u2026) sur des sujets d\u2019actualit\u00e9, culturels et soci\u00e9taux;<\/li><li>Ma\u00eetriser la structure de textes narratifs pour organiser ses id\u00e9es, enrichir son vocabulaire et r\u00e9diger des textes complexes ;<\/li><li>Exprimer et d\u00e9fendre vos opinions, r\u00e9agir aux arguments d\u2019autrui ;<ul><li>D\u00e9velopper une argumentation pr\u00e9cise et efficace \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9crit et \u00e0 l\u2019oral ;<\/li><li>R\u00e9diger des textes acad\u00e9miques (r\u00e9sum\u00e9s, textes argumentatifs).<\/li><\/ul><\/li><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/ul>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul><li>Approfondir les comp\u00e9tences en compr\u00e9hension et production orales et \u00e9crites ;<\/li><li>D\u00e9velopper des strat\u00e9gies d\u2019expression \u00e9crite et orale adapt\u00e9es au contexte universitaire ;<\/li><li>Renforcer la capacit\u00e9 d&#8217;argumentation et de synth\u00e8se \u00e0 l&#8217;oral et \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e9crit ;<\/li><li>Ma\u00eetriser le vocabulaire et les structures syntaxiques complexes dans un cadre acad\u00e9mique<\/li><\/ul>\u00a0<p><br><\/p>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <p>\u00a0<\/p><br>Le contr\u00f4le<br>se fait<br>en continu<br>et<br>avec un test final.<br>La note finale sera calcul\u00e9e ainsi\u00a0:<br>\u00a0<br>\u00a0<br>Productions \u00e9crites r\u00e9alis\u00e9es au cours des s\u00e9ances 3, 6 et 8. Les consignes seront en lien avec le contenu des s\u00e9ances mentionn\u00e9es.<br>3 X 20% = 60%<br>Participation \u00e0 une activit\u00e9 propos\u00e9e par le Centre de langues et t\u00e2che \u00e9crite r\u00e9alis\u00e9e en cours en lien avec cette activit\u00e9.<br>10%<br>Test final<br>30%<br>TOTAL<br>100%<br><p>\u00a0<\/p>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Note<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Bibliographie (\u00e0 titre informatif ) :<br><br><br>Grammaire essentielle du fran\u00e7ais , niveau B2, Didier FLE<br>R\u00e9diger un texte acad\u00e9mique en fran\u00e7ais, 2e \u00e9dition, Sylvie Garnier, Alan D. Savage, ed. Ophrys                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>    <\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section\n    id=\"tabpanel-e24e73d9-ab64-4894-a545-96474396c245\"\n    aria-labelledby=\"tab-e24e73d9-ab64-4894-a545-96474396c245\"\n    class=\"tab-panel fade hidden is-hidden\"\n>\n    <div class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-course-offer\">\n    <h3>Course offer for Semestre 2 (2025-2026 Summer)<\/h3>\n    \n<div id=\"accordion-module-69d343bfafe8d\" class=\"accordion accordion--theme\">\n            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfafeb3\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Philosophy of Enlightenment                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            MAPR-55                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfafeb3\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfafe8d\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Philosophy of Enlightenment<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> MAPR-55<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 1 : Early modern European Philosophy<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> EN<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> No<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <p>The 18th century Enlightenment has suffered from being interpreted too much after the fact, by both supporters and critics. This course will attempt to provide a more accurate interpretation by placing it in its own times. In particular, it will emphasise how the scientific revolution of the 17th century effected a break with the past, and, by installing new conceptions of knowledge and its foundations, undermined traditional authority in religion and politics as well as philosophy. Topics will include: the role accorded to Descartes\u2019 Discourse as an ideological weapon against tradition; the central role played, even amongst the French, by the empiricism of Bacon, Locke and Newton; the ideal of \u201cReason\u201d as the ideal of individual autonomy (not of rationalist philosophy), and its concomitant elevation of (a secularized version of) the idea of individual rights; Newtonian science and the rise of Deism and the argument from design; the consequent revival of Stoic and Epicurean ethical views; and the important role of Spinoza\u2019s Theological-Political Treatise in the radical thought of the French Revolution. Particular attention will be paid to Hume\u2019s Enquiry concerning Human Understanding, which captures key Enlightenment themes in its argument that a version of empiricism implies that the human being is an inertial machine, and as such incapable of plumbing nature\u2019s depths, and therefore also incapable of knowing any putative religious truths. <\/p>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        final paper (3000 words \/ 10 pages)                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Note<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <p><br>Bibliographie:<br><\/p><br>Lucretius, On the Nature of Things<br>Marcus Aurelius, Meditations<br>Grotius, On the Laws of War and Peace<br>Descartes, Discourse on Method<br>Hobbes, Leviathan<br>Spinoza, Ethics<br>Spinoza, Theological-Political Treatise<br>Locke, An Essay concerning Human Understanding<br>Locke, Two Treatises of Government<br>Shaftesbury, Characteristicks of Men, Manners, Opinions, Times<br>Voltaire, Letters on the English Nation<br>Rousseau, Discourse on the Origin of Inequality<br>D\u2019Alembert, Preliminary Discourse to the Encyclopedia of Diderot<br>La Mettrie, Machine Man<br>Hume, An Enquiry concerning Human Understanding<br>Hume, An Enquiry concerning the Principles of Morals<br>D\u2019Holbach, The System of Nature<br>Kant, An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?<br>\u00a0<br>A. Bailey D. O\u2019Brien, Hume\u2019s Enquiry concerning Human Understanding (Continuum, 2006)<br>S. Buckle, Hume\u2019s Enlightenment Tract (Oxford, 2001)<br>E. Cassirer, The Philosophy of the Enlightenment (Princeton, 1979)<br>S. Fleischacker, What is Enlightenment? (Routledge, 2013)<br>M. Frazer, The Enlightenment of Sympathy (Oxford, 2010)<br>P. Gay, The Enlightenment (Norton, 1966, 1969; 2 Vols)<br>S. Gaukroger, The Natural and the Human (Oxford, 2016)<br>G. Himmelfarb, The Roads to Modernity (Vintage, 2008)<br>J. Israel, A Revolution of the Mind (Princeton, 2010)<br>M. Jacob, The Radical Enlightenment, 2nd. Ed. (Cornerstone, 2006)<br>T. Kavanagh, Enlightened Pleasures (Yale, 2010)<br>I. Kramnick (ed.), The Portable Enlightenment Reader (Penguin, 1995)<br>D. Rasmussen, The Pragmatic Enlightenment (Cambridge, 2014)<br>J. Robertson, The Case for the Enlightenment (Cambridge, 2005)<br>E. Rothschild, Economic Sentiments (Harvard, 2001)<br>P. Schouls, Descartes and the Enlightenment (Edinburgh, 1989)<br>J. Schmidt, What is Enlightenment? (California, 1996)<br>R. Susato, Hume\u2019s Sceptical Enlightenment (Edinburgh, 2015)<br>C. Taylor S. Buckle (ed.), Hume and the Enlightenment (Pickering Chatto, 2011)<br>B. Tierney, The Idea of Natural Rights (Eerdmans, 1997)<br>C. Wilson, Epicureanism at the Origins of Modernity (Oxford, 2008)                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfafecb\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                German Idealism II                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            MAPR-32                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfafecb\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfafe8d\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> German Idealism II<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> MAPR-32<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 2 : Kant and German Idealism<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> EN<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> No<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <p>Thema: Schelling\u2019s Philosophy of History Revival!<br>Many different contemporary philosophers propose to reinterpret Schelling, either from the perspective of the modal theories of enunciation (such as M. Gabriel does) or by reconstructing a psychoanalytic theory of subjectivity (Zizek), or through the recourse to a deconstruction of the soteriological representation of Christian history (Agamben). What these reinterpretations have in common is to base their work on a neglected part of Schelling\u2019s philosophy of history, the last one, called \u201cPositive philosophy\u201d or \u201cPhilosophy of Revelation\u201d. What are the main sketches of this Schellingian rebirth? How must we interpret it into our contemporary context and identify its possible limits? These are the main questions that will lead our course.<br>Bibliography : <\/p><p><br>Agamben G., Le r\u00e8gne et la gloire, Homo sacer II, 2, trad. J. Gayraud et M. Rueff, Seuil, 2008.<br>M. Gabriel &amp; S. \u017di\u017eek, Mythology, Madness and Laughter, Subjectivity in German Idealism, Continuum, London\/New York, 2009.<br>S. \u017di\u017eek (and F.W.J. von Schelling), The Abyss of Freedom\/Ages of the World, trans. by Judith Norman, The University of Michigan Press, 1997.<br>S. \u017di\u017eek, The Indivisible Remainder, An Essay on Schelling and Related Matters,Verso, London\/New York, 1996 [accessible sur http:\/\/books.google.fr ]; traduction fran\u00e7aise: Essai sur Schelling, Le reste qui n&#8217;\u00e9cl\u00f4t jamais, L\u2019Harmattan, Paris, 1996. [accessible sur http:\/\/books.google.fr ]<br>J.-F. Courtine (ed.), Schelling, Coll. \u00ab Cahiers d&#8217;histoire de la philosophie \u00bb, Cerf, Paris, 2010.<br><br> <\/p>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Ca. 10-page paper based on the readings proposed in the course bibliography.<br>The paper may be written in French, English, Spanish or German. The paper should be emailed to the following address:<br>marc.maesschalck@uclouvain.be                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Note<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <p><br>Bibliography:<br><\/p><br><p>\u00a0<\/p><br>M. C. Altman C. D. Coe, The Fractured Self in Freud and German Philosophy, Palgrave Macmillan, New York, 2013.<br>M. Gabriel S. \u017di\u017eek, Mythology, Madness and Laughter, Subjectivity in German Idealism, Continuum, London\/New York, 2009.<br>M. Maesschalck, \u00ab Esh\u00e9tique et psycho-analyse. La r\u00e9ponse du jeune Fichte \u00e0 Schiller concernant l\u2019\u00e9ducation \u00bb, in Revue roumaine<br>de philosophie<br>, 56 (2012), n. 1, pp. 5-22.<br>M. Maesschalck, \u00ab L\u2019engendrement du commencement selon Schelling : signification et enjeux d\u2019une protologie de la conscience \u00bb, in M. Vet\u00f6 (dir.), Philosophie, th\u00e9ologie, litt\u00e9rature. Hommage \u00e0 Xavier Tilliette, Peeters, Louvain\/Paris, 2011, pp. 293-318.<br>K. Regenspurger et T. van Zantwijk (dir.), Wissenschaftliche Anthropologie um 1800?,<br>Franz Steiner Verlag, Wiesbaden, 2005.<br>R. J. Richards, \u00ab Kant and Blumenbach on the Bildungstrieb: A Historical Misunderstanding \u00bb, in Stud.<br>Hist. Phil. Biol. Biomed. Sci<br>., Vol. 31, 2000, n. 1, pp. 11\u201332.<br>H.G. SandK\u00fchler (ed.), Handbuch Deutscher Idealismus, Metzler, Stuttgart\/Weimar, 2005 (trad. Fr. Kervegan, Cerf, 2015: Manuel de l\u2019id\u00e9alisme allemand)<br>8.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<br>O\u2019Meara Thomas F., \u201cF. W. Schelling\u201d, in The review of metaphysics a philosophical quarterly, vol. XXXI, n\u00b02, 1977, pp. 283-309.<br>Markus G.,<br>Transcendental Ontology. Essays in German Idealism<br>. New York\/London: Continuum 2011 [Paperback: New York: Bloomsbury 2013]<br>S. \u017di\u017eek (and F.W.J. von Schelling), The Abyss of Freedom\/Ages of the World, trans. by Judith Norman, The University of Michigan Press, 1997.                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfafed9\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Transcendental philosophy                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            MAPR-54                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfafed9\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfafe8d\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Transcendental philosophy<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> MAPR-54<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 2 : Kant and German Idealism<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> EN<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> No<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Course learning outcomes<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Students read with comprehension, and critically discuss passages from Kant\u2019s work that are relevant for the question of non-conceptual content. They acquire a thorough understanding of the problem of non-conceptual content as such and are able to take position with respect to the question of whether or not Kant is a non-conceptualist. Students learn in what way Kantian arguments can contribute to the contemporary debate on non-conceptual content.                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Non-conceptualism is the view that mental representations of the world do not necessarily presuppose concepts by means of which the content of these representations can be specified, i.e., cognizers can have mental representations of the world that are non-conceptual. We will discuss Kant\u2019s transcendental idealism with respect to this view. We mainly focus on the first Critique but also discuss passages from other Kantian writings such as \u2018Concerning the Ultimate Foundation\u2019, \u2018On the Form and Principles\u2019, \u2018Anthropology\u2019 etc. We will identify arguments and strategies in Kant that help to settle the dispute between conceptualists and non-conceptualist.\u00a0 The course thus focuses on two questions: (a) What is non-conceptual content? (b) Is Kant a non-conceptualist?\u00a0                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Paper (3000 words) or 30 min. oral exam                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Note<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        \u00a0Bibliographie:<br>Allais, L. (2009) \u2018Kant, Non-Conceptual Content and the Representation of Space\u2019 Journal of the History of Philosophy47: pp. 383\u2013413.<br>Berm\u00fadez, J. and A. Cahen, (2011) \u2018Nonconceptual Mental Content\u2019, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2011 Edition), E. N. Zalta (ed.) available at http:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/archives\/sum2011\/entries\/content-nonconceptual\/.<br>Hanna, R. (2005) \u2018Kant and Nonconceptual Content\u2019, European Journal of Philosophy 13: pp. 247\u201390.<br>Heidemann, Dietmar H. (ed.) (2012)<br>Kant and Non-Conceptual Content, Abingdon, New York 2013.<br>Kant, I.<br>(1992): Immanuel Kant: Lectures on Logic, ed. and transl. J. M. Young, Cambridge:<br>Cambridge University Press<br>.<br>\u2013\u2013\u2013 (1998) Critique of Pure Reason, P. Guyer and A. W. Wood (ed. and trans.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<br>\u2013\u2013\u2013 (2003a) \u2018Concerning the Ultimate Foundation of the Distinction of the Directions in Space\u2019, in D. Walford (ed.) Immanuel Kant: Theoretical Philosophy, 1755\u20131770, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<br>\u2013\u2013\u2013 (2003b) \u2018On the Form and Principles of the Sensible and the Intelligible world\u2019, in D. Walford (ed.) Immanuel Kant: Theoretical Philosophy, 1755\u20131770, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<br>\u2013\u2013\u2013 (2007)<br>Immanuel Kant<br>:<br>Anthropology, History, and Education, ed. G. Z\u00f6ller and R. B. Louden, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<br>McDowell, J. (1996) Mind and World, Cambridge, London: Harvard University Press.<br>Peacocke, C. (2001) \u2018Does Perception Have a Nonconceptual Content?\u2019, Journal of Philosophy 98: pp. 239-64.<br>Stephenson, A. (2011) \u2018Kant on Non-Veridical Experience\u2019, Kant Yearbook 3\u00a0: pp.1-22.<br>\u00a0                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfafee6\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Phenomenology: Ph\u00e9nom\u00e9nologie de la conscience et de l&#039;esprit                 <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            MAPR-3                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfafee6\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfafe8d\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Phenomenology: Ph\u00e9nom\u00e9nologie de la conscience et de l&#039;esprit <\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> MAPR-3<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 3 : 20th century and Contemporary European Philosophy<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> EN<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> No<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Course learning outcomes<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Students will acquire a thorough understanding of the phenomenological approach to the mind and will be able to take a critical stance on a number of disputed questions in the present-day analytic philosophy of mind.                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Phenomenological analysis recently attracted increasing interest among analytic philosophers of mind. One crucial motivation for appealing to phenomenological analysis comes from the fact that any study of the human mind has to account somehow for the way things appears to us or are experienced from a first-person perspective. Phenomenological analysis precisely aims at describing first-person experiences, providing us with fine-grained distinctions between our mental states, exploring the theoretical (philosophical) consequences of such distinctions, and constructing critical arguments about competing views of the mind. \u00a0Within the framework of this course, we will discuss some selected issues at the crossroads of phenomenology and philosophy of mind. The main figure of the course will be the Austro-German philosopher Franz Brentano (1838-1917), who is usually regarded as the grandfather of the phenomenological movement. As we will see, Brentano\u2019s descriptive psychology is full of innnovative insights into a number of issues at stake in the current research context: the criteria for the mental, the nature of consciousness, the structure of experience, the variety of attitude types, the taxonomy of the senses, the nature of cognitive experiences, etc. <p>\u00a0<\/p>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Students will be asked to write an original paper (about 3000 words \/ 10 pages) addressing one of the topics discussed during the classes.                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Note<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Recommended readings:<br>\u00a0<br>1) Brentano F., Psychologie vom empirischen Standpunkte:<br>\u00a0<br>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<br>Original edition: Leipzig, Duncker Humblot, 1874. Reprinted in Brentano F., S\u00e4mtliche ver\u00f6ffentlichte Schriften, vol. I., Th. Binder and A. Chrudzimski (eds.), Frankfurt\/Main, Ontos Verlag, 2008.<br>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<br>Trad. fr. M. de Gandillac, revue par J.-F. Courtine, Psychologie du point de vue empirique, Paris, Vrin, 2008.<br>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<br>Engl. edition by L.\u00a0L. McAlister, Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint, trans. by A. Rancurello, D.\u00a0B. Terrell and L.\u00a0L. McAlister, London, Routledge Kegan Paul, 1973, 1995; with a foreword by Tim Crane, Routledge, 2015.<br>\u00a0<br>2) Brentano F., Deskriptive Psychologie:<br>\u00a0<br>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<br>Original edition: R. M. Chisholm et W. Baumgartner (eds.), Hamburg, Meiner, 1982; new, critical ed. In preparation by G. Fr\u00e9chette.<br>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<br>Trad. fr. A. Dewalque, Psychologie descriptive,Paris, Gallimard, 2017.<br>&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<br>Engl. trans. by B. M\u00fcller, Descriptive Psychology, London, Routledge, 1995, 2002.<br>\u00a0<br>Additional support and references will be made available on Moodle.<br><p>\u00a0<\/p>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfafef3\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Master Colloquium 1                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            MAPR-52                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfafef3\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfafe8d\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Master Colloquium 1<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> MAPR-52<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 4: Master module<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> EN<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> No<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Course learning outcomes<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        The aim of this colloquium is to prepare students for their master thesis. Students learn how to develop, present and defend research projects, how to evaluate and criticize other student\u2019s work, and how to react on criticism. The objective is to accompany student\u2019s research work throughout the master program and to ensure student\u2019s success.                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        In the Master Colloquium students present their own research projects, or propose recent research work by others (relevant articles, book chapters, books etc.) for discussion.\u00a0 <br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Paper presentation                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Note<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Bibliography:<br><br><br>tba.                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfaff00\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Introduction to topics in Formal Philosophy                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            MAPR-58                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfaff00\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfafe8d\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Introduction to topics in Formal Philosophy<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> MAPR-58<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 5 : Optional module<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> EN<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> No<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Course learning outcomes<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        By the end of the course, students should have a basic competence with the formal machinery of probability theory and decision theory. Students will have a grasp of the main different philosophical interpretations of probability and of instrumental rationality. Students will also become familiar with some of the main outstanding philosophical problems in this area \u2013 e.g. Hempel\u2019s paradox of the ravens, Newcomb\u2019s problem, Kyburg\u2019s lottery paradox, etc.                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        This course will aim to provide a very gentle introduction to some formal tools that are vitally important for philosophy \u2013 specifically, the use of probability and decision theory. In the first half of the course we will look at the basics of probability and utility. This will not require any complicated or advanced mathematics \u2013 rather the emphasis will be on grasping the basic concepts and issues of philosophical interpretation. Then in the second half of the course we will consider the use and application of these formal tools for various philosophical debates, primarily questions concerning rationality: how should we rationally update our beliefs? How should we rationally evaluate and choose plans for actions?                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        This course will be assessed via term paper and homework assignments. See syllabus for details.                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Note<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <p><br>Bibliography:<br><\/p><br>We will read a variety of recent papers in philosophy throughout the course As background reading, the following textbooks are recommended as useful:<br>Ian Hacking: An Introduction to Probability and Inductive Logic (Cambridge University Press)<br>David Papineau: Philosophical Devices (Oxford University Press)<br>Martin Peterson: An Introduction to Decision Theory (Cambridge University Press)                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfaff0d\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Deutsch A1.2  allgemein &#8211; Belval                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            LC_CAT-269                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfaff0d\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfafe8d\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Deutsch A1.2  allgemein &#8211; Belval<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> LC_CAT-269<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 5 : Optional module<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> DE<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> No<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Objectives<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <p>\n                            Communication skills: The students will learn to understand simple written texts and engage in oral communication on topics such as buying goods and food, making appointments, hobbies and leisure activities, furniture and living arrangements, tourist attractions, and urban living.<br>Grammar: The students will learn regular and irregular verbs in the present and perfect tense, articles and nouns with gender and cases, modal verbs, interrogative and imperative forms, sentence structure, pronouns, prepositions, connectors, participles etc.\u00a0<br>Course design: The objective is the continued acquisition of basic oral and written skills. Students will engage in speaking, listening, writing, and reading communicative activities through individual, pair, and group work. Additionally, students will be provided with links to interactive exercises, quizzes, and games as well as to tutorials and other informative tools. The course concludes with a language examination covering all four communicative activities.                        <\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Course learning outcomes<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        By the end of this course, students should be able to:<br>\u00a0<br>Understand and provide information about themselves and general personal matters<br>Understand and give information about their leisure activities and making appointments<br>Understand and provide information about rooms, apartments, and furniture<br>Understand and provide information about clothes, fashion, and shopping<br>Understand and give information about attractions and towns in the German-speaking countries<br>Perform everyday linguistic actions\u00a0Understand and write simple texts like emails or SMS messages.                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        The objective is the continued acquisition of basic oral and written skills. Students will engage in speaking, listening, writing, and reading communicative activities through individual, pair, and group work. Additionally, students will be provided with links to interactive exercises, quizzes, and games as well as to tutorials and other informative tools. The course concludes with a language examination covering all four communicative activities.                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Speaking, listening, writing and reading skills will be evaluated through task-based activities. Listening: Key information from listening texts (radio, TV, etc.) must be understood. Reading: Key information must be found in short reading texts, or questions about these texts must be answered\u00a0\u00a0 Writing: Simple texts are to be summarized, and basic text production is required. Students will be evaluated on their active participation in the course, their regular homework (which may include grammar or vocabulary exercises), and their final test (both written and spoken).                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Note<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Attendance is mandatory                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfaff1a\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Fran\u00e7ais g\u00e9n\u00e9ral A2.2 &#8211;  General French A2.2 (Belval)                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            3                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            LC_CAT-295                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfaff1a\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfafe8d\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Fran\u00e7ais g\u00e9n\u00e9ral A2.2 &#8211;  General French A2.2 (Belval)<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 3<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> LC_CAT-295<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 5 : Optional module<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> FR<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> No<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Objectives<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <p>\n                            \u00c0 l\u2019issue du cours, l\u2019\u00e9tudiant sera capable de :<br>Comprendre l\u2019essentiel de documents courts et simples<br>Interagir de mani\u00e8re spontan\u00e9e dans des situations de la vie quotidienne<br>Raconter des \u00e9v\u00e9nements pass\u00e9s et pr\u00e9senter des projets futurs<br>Exprimer et justifier bri\u00e8vement une opinion ou un choix<br>R\u00e9diger des textes simples et structur\u00e9s (courriels formels, descriptions)<br>                        <\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Course learning outcomes<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Objectifs et r\u00e9sultats d\u2019apprentissage<br>\u00c0 l\u2019issue du cours, l\u2019\u00e9tudiant sera capable de :<br>Comprendre l\u2019essentiel de documents courts et simples<br>Interagir de mani\u00e8re spontan\u00e9e dans des situations de la vie quotidienne<br>Raconter des \u00e9v\u00e9nements pass\u00e9s et pr\u00e9senter des projets futurs<br>Exprimer et justifier bri\u00e8vement une opinion ou un choix<br>R\u00e9diger des textes simples et structur\u00e9s (courriels formels, descriptions)<br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Ce cours de fran\u00e7ais g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de niveau A2.2 vise \u00e0 renforcer les comp\u00e9tences linguistiques des \u00e9tudiants, avec une attention particuli\u00e8re port\u00e9e \u00e0 la production \u00e9crite. Il a pour objectif d\u2019aider les \u00e9tudiants \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer la qualit\u00e9 et la clart\u00e9 de leurs \u00e9crits dans des contextes acad\u00e9miques, professionnels et de la vie quotidienne.Le programme est organis\u00e9 en deux parties compl\u00e9mentaires : une phase de consolidation des acquis et une phase d\u2019approfondissement des structures linguistiques.                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        L\u2019\u00e9valuation se compose de :<br>Contr\u00f4le continu (50 %)<br>oDeux devoirs en classe (semaines 4 et 7)<br>Examen final (50 %)<br>oUn devoir \u00e9crit lors de la derni\u00e8re s\u00e9ance<br>Les \u00e9valuations portent sur la grammaire, le vocabulaire et une production \u00e9crite courte (r\u00e9cit, message formel ou description).<br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Note<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Assiduit\u00e9<br><p>La pr\u00e9sence aux cours est obligatoire pour la validation des cr\u00e9dits ECTS.<br>Au-del\u00e0 de deux absences non justifi\u00e9es, l\u2019\u00e9tudiant ne pourra pas valider le cours.<br><\/p><br><p>Bibliographie<br>Objectif Express 1 A1\/A2, Hachette<br>100 % FLE \u2013 Grammaire essentielle du fran\u00e7ais A2, Didier<br><\/p><br><p><br><\/p>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>    <\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section\n    id=\"tabpanel-e29090b7-5fd8-454b-b5d7-1eedffe83be7\"\n    aria-labelledby=\"tab-e29090b7-5fd8-454b-b5d7-1eedffe83be7\"\n    class=\"tab-panel fade hidden is-hidden\"\n>\n    <div class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-course-offer\">\n    <h3>Course offer for Semestre 3 (2025-2026 Winter)<\/h3>\n    \n<div id=\"accordion-module-69d343bfb3d7c\" class=\"accordion accordion--theme\">\n            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfb3da4\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Contemporary European Philosophy II                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            MAPR-37                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfb3da4\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfb3d7c\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Contemporary European Philosophy II<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> MAPR-37<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 3 : 20th century and Contemporary European Philosophy<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> EN<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> Yes<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Course learning outcomes<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        The students will acquire a sensibility for normative phenomena. They will learn how to formulate and conceptualize various questions and theses concerning the normative. Furthermore, they will become familiar with various philosophical views and arguments about normativity. Discussion and argumentation will be practiced in class, and the students will improve their discursive and conceptual skills in the normative domain.<br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <p>Many phenomena are normative: justification and knowledge, (some) norms and rules, (some) reasons and oughts, moral responsibility etc. They are not, or not merely, descriptive. Two questions are at the heart of philosophical investigations into normativity. (1.) How can the whole range of normative phenomena be organized in a systematic way? Which normative concepts are the basic ones such that the other normative concepts can be characterized in terms of these few basic normative concepts? (Can it be done in terms of oughts, or in terms of normative reason, or \u2026?) (2.) What is the nature of the normative as such? Can it be explained in terms of something descriptive, or is it irreducible? \u2013 This second question seems to lead into a dilemma: Either the normative is reducible to, or explicable in terms of, some descriptive facts\/phenomena. Then it does not seem to be truly normative after all. Or it is not reducible, and then it seems to be somewhat mysterious how there could be any such thing as a normative phenomenon. \u2013 In this seminar, we will study important contemporary contributions to both of these questions.<\/p><p>Bibliography:<\/p><p>A list of references will be provided at the beginning of the course.<\/p>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Presentation and paper (10 \u2013 15 pages)                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfb3dbc\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Master Colloquium (b)                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            MAPR-56                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfb3dbc\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfb3d7c\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Master Colloquium (b)<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> MAPR-56<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 4: Master Module<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> EN<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> Yes<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Course learning outcomes<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        The focus of the Master Colloquium is on presentation and critical discussion. The students will receive valuable feedback that helps to improve their know-how and abilities to design and write a longer paper or thesis on a relevant topic. The major aim is to prepare the students for their master thesis. The students will be assisted in their efforts to choose suitable topics and then to work on them. Some major publications that are highly relevant to current debates will be discussed in order to get to know the current state of the art. <br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Description<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        In the Master Colloquium, students give presentations on their own work, or discuss recent publications by others (relevant papers, books\/book chapters, etc.). The topic for these recent publications will be contemporary accounts of freedom and responsibility (mostly in the practical\/moral case, but also in the epistemic case). The role of reactive attitudes (P. Strawson), control (Fisher, Ravizza), and reasons (S. Wolf) will be studied in order to see how freedom and responsibility could arise.<br>                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n                                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Assessment<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        Presentation and discussion of research projects.<br>\u00a0                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                \n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>    <\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section\n    id=\"tabpanel-92ac2adb-420b-4f88-85e7-6bbb5625df7a\"\n    aria-labelledby=\"tab-92ac2adb-420b-4f88-85e7-6bbb5625df7a\"\n    class=\"tab-panel fade hidden is-hidden\"\n>\n    <div class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-course-offer\">\n    <h3>Course offer for Semestre 4 (2025-2026 Summer)<\/h3>\n    \n<div id=\"accordion-module-69d343bfb77ca\" class=\"accordion accordion--theme\">\n            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfb77f0\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Master Colloquium 3                 <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            5                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            MAPR-34                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfb77f0\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfb77ca\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Master Colloquium 3 <\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 5<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> MAPR-34<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 4: Master module<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> FR<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> No<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                \n                \n                \n                \n                \n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>            \n<div class=\"accordion__item\">\n    <h4 class=\"accordion__header\">\n        <button\n                type=\"button\"\n                class=\"accordion__button collapsed\"\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-bs-target=\"#accordion-panel-69d343bfb7804\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"accordion__title\">\n                Master Thesis                <span class=\"accordion__data\">\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">ECTS credits:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            30                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                    <span class=\"accordion__data__item\">\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__name\">Course code:<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"accordion__data__value\">\n                            MAPR-25                        <\/span>\n                    <\/span>\n                <\/span>\n            <\/span>\n            <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-down icon--lg\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-down\"><\/use><\/svg>        <\/button>\n    <\/h4>\n\n    <div id=\"accordion-panel-69d343bfb7804\" class=\"accordion__collapse collapse\" data-bs-parent=\"#accordion-module-69d343bfb77ca\">\n        <div class=\"accordion__body p-0\">\n            <ul class=\"list-highlighted\">\n                <li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">\n                    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">\n                        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>Details<\/strong><\/h5>\n                    <\/header>\n                    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">\n                        <ul>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course title:<\/span> Master Thesis<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Number of ECTS:<\/span> 30<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Course code:<\/span> MAPR-25<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Module(s):<\/span> Module 6 : Master thesis<\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Language:<\/span> <\/li>\n                            <li><span class=\"text-dark font-heading font-bold\">Mandatory:<\/span> No<\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n\n                <!--<li class=\"list-highlighted__item items-start\">-->\n                <!--    <header class=\"list-highlighted__header\">-->\n                <!--        <h5 class=\"text-18\"><strong>--><!--<\/strong><\/h5>-->\n                <!--    <\/header>-->\n                <!--    <div class=\"list-highlighted__body\">-->\n                <!--        <div class=\"speaker-group\">-->\n                <!--            -->                <!--        <\/div>-->\n                <!--    <\/div>-->\n                <!--<\/li>-->\n\n                \n                \n                \n                \n                \n                \n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>    <\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The curriculum covers a full-time two-year programme (120 ECTS), with the final semester being dedicated to a semester-long thesis project. 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