{"id":5013,"date":"2024-02-15T09:16:48","date_gmt":"2024-02-15T08:16:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/?post_type=news&#038;p=5013"},"modified":"2024-02-15T09:27:27","modified_gmt":"2024-02-15T08:27:27","slug":"buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/","title":{"rendered":"Buergbrennen: When winter goes up in smoke"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<section class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-free-section section\"><div class=\"container xl:max-w-screen-xl\">\n<p>The nights of the first weekend of Lent are a little less gloomy in Luxembourg: the traditional Buergbrennen are organised in many towns and villages and bring the inhabitants together around a bonfire and regional dishes. Sonja Kmec, a historian specialising in popular culture, conducted <a href=\"https:\/\/history.uni.lu\/research-on-fire\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">a research project<\/a> on this tradition with Catherine Lorent and Jean Reitz in 2021-2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>How old is the Buergbrennen tradition?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;The earliest traces date back to the late Middle Ages. Some people think that the origins go back as far as the Gallo-Roman or Celtic period, but this is \u2013 at this stage \u2013 impossible to prove.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Is the Buergbrennen a typically Luxembourgish rite?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Not at all, seasonal bonfires exist just about everywhere in Europe. They are not necessarily organised during Lent like the Buergbrennen, but also around Easter or Midsummer&#8217;s Day. These festivities always have agrarian symbolism because they are based on the rhythm of sowing and harvesting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>What did your research into Buergbrennen show?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;This festival is still celebrated despite the many changes in society. In fact, there have been several revivals of this celebration. In the 1920s and 1930s, for example, there was a revival of interest, particularly in the south of Luxembourg and around the capital, even though it was originally an agrarian festival and therefore more firmly rooted in the north. The Buergbrennen was revived again in the 1970s and 1980s, and again in the early 2000s. It&#8217;s clear that every time we go through a major societal transformation, traditions gain in popularity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>How do you explain this?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;The more our points of reference are turned upside down, the more important traditions become. Traditional folk festivals like the Buergbrennen have become a point of reference in an age when people feel that everything is changing very fast. We counted 260 Buergbrennen in 2020, compared with around 100 at the end of the 1960s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>There are two interpretations of this tradition: one is that it\u2019s about chasing away the winter, and the other is that it\u2019s about burning witches. Which is more plausible?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;A priori, it&#8217;s about chasing away the winter. The pyre contrasts the cold of winter with the warmth of fire and embodies the light it gives off. This light also illustrates the return of daylight as the days lengthen. As far as witches are concerned, most historians believe that there is no direct link with these fires. But the first written traces of this tradition coincide with the height of the witch trials in our regions in the 16th and 17th centuries. And some festivals mimic legal trials, where straw dolls are found guilty of other crimes and burned \u2013 a kind of collective expiation. It&#8217;s a question worth looking into.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Has the Buergbrennen ritual changed in recent years?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;The legal framework has changed: it is now more and more complicated to build a bonfire and the presence of the fire brigade is required. In the 1970s, it was not uncommon to see tyres hanging from the pyre. That&#8217;s unimaginable today, when you can only burn dead wood that hasn&#8217;t been chemically treated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another development concerns the events dimension of the Buergbrennen, particularly in large towns such as Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette and Rodange. Specific committees organise events and end up creating a much larger festival with activities. In smaller towns, the bonfire is simply accompanied by the tunes of the local brass band.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>There is also often food and drink available including Luxembourg specialities such as Bouneschlupp. Is this an opportunity to showcase local cuisine?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;I think it&#8217;s more a question of promoting conviviality. In the early days of the Buergbrennen, giant bacon omelettes were cooked by the community in a local restaurant. Then, in the 20th century, barbecues arrived. And now it&#8217;s just like every other village festival, with chips, chops, and traditional soups like Bouneschlupp or Ierzebulli. The proceeds also provide financial support for the organisers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Could environmental protection issues threaten the Buergbrennen?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Parliamentary questions have already been asked on the subject, but the tradition is centuries-old and the answers given to date are that the Buergbrennen is an exception. The tradition is not under threat and is in fact constantly evolving. While most bonfires represent a cross, others take the form of a castle, for example.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>By the way, is the Buergbrennen pagan or religious? The date is set to coincide with Christian festivals, whereas it was originally a pagan custom&#8230;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;The Church was sceptical about this celebration in the 16th century. The village parish priests did not approve of the promiscuity that the Buergbrennen offered young people. Then, in the 19th and early 20th centuries, the Church saw an advantage in combining the Buergbrennen with a mass or even a procession around the fire, as it brought the villagers together. In the end, it&#8217;s hard to say what kind of festival it was, as villagers and sometimes churchmen had their own interpretations of Christianity and incorporated magical or pagan elements. What is certain is that the Church integrated Buergbrennen into its calendar.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"py-48 first:pt-0 last:pb-0 wp-block-unilux-blocks-people-list\">\n    \n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-unilux-blocks-heading\"    >\n<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"flex flex-wrap -mx-16 wp-block-unilux-blocks-people-item-wrapper\">\n    <li class=\"w-full md:w-1\/2 p-16 wp-block-unilux-blocks-people-item-automated\"><div class=\"ulux-card card-people bg-theme\"><div class=\"list-people bg-theme\">\n    <div class=\"list-people__container\">\n        <div class=\"list-people__visual\">\n            <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image\">\n                <!-- Template Image Component: default -->\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"w-full\" width=\"\" height=\"\" rel=\"\" alt=\"Assoc. Prof Sonja KMEC\" src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/en\/person-image\/NTAwMDIxMDlfX1NvbmphIEtNRUM=\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/en\/person-image\/NTAwMDIxMDlfX1NvbmphIEtNRUM=--thumbnail 150w,https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/en\/person-image\/NTAwMDIxMDlfX1NvbmphIEtNRUM=--medium 300w,https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/en\/person-image\/NTAwMDIxMDlfX1NvbmphIEtNRUM=--medium_large 768w,https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/en\/person-image\/NTAwMDIxMDlfX1NvbmphIEtNRUM=--large 1024w,https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/en\/person-image\/NTAwMDIxMDlfX1NvbmphIEtNRUM=--1536x1536 1536w,https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/en\/person-image\/NTAwMDIxMDlfX1NvbmphIEtNRUM=--2048x2048 2048w\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><!-- end Image Component -->\n            <\/figure>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"list-people__body\">\n            <h3 class=\"list-people__title\">Assoc. Prof Sonja KMEC<\/h3>\n            <p class=\"list-people__description\">Associate professor<\/p>\n            <div class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-simple-cta wp-block-unilux-blocks-people-item-automated\">\n    <a\n        href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/people\/sonja-kmec\/\"\n        title=\"Assoc. Prof Sonja KMEC\"\n        class=\"link-text link-text--icon list-people__link link-absolute\"\n        target=\"\"\n    >\n        <span class=\"link-text__body\">\n            <span class=\"link-text__name\">Learn more<\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-right \"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-right\"><\/use><\/svg>    <\/a>\n<\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Buergbrennen will be held throughout Luxembourg on the weekend of 17 and 18 February. Sonja Kmec, a history professor at the University of Luxembourg, has studied this centuries-old tradition and how it has evolved over the years. Hot off the press!  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":5014,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"featured_image_focal_point":[],"show_featured_caption":false,"ulux_newsletter_groups":"","uluxPostTitle":"","uluxPrePostTitle":"","_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false},"news-category":[4],"news-topic":[17],"organisation":[171,147,174],"authorship":[33],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.3 (Yoast SEO v22.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Buergbrennen: When winter goes up in smoke - FHSE news I University of Luxembourg<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Buergbrennen will be held throughout Luxembourg on the weekend of 17 and 18 February. Sonja Kmec, a history professor at the University of Luxembourg, has studied this centuries-old tradition and how it has evolved over the years. Hot off the press!\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Buergbrennen: When winter goes up in smoke\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Buergbrennen will be held throughout Luxembourg on the weekend of 17 and 18 February. Sonja Kmec, a history professor at the University of Luxembourg, has studied this centuries-old tradition and how it has evolved over the years. Hot off the press!\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"FHSE EN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-02-15T08:27:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/buergbrennen.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1286\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"874\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"mchristen\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/#\/schema\/person\/c438f03d51b691a88d09778fc4b1e214\"},\"headline\":\"Buergbrennen: When winter goes up in smoke\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-02-15T08:16:48+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-02-15T08:27:27+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/\"},\"wordCount\":849,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/buergbrennen.png\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/\",\"name\":\"Buergbrennen: When winter goes up in smoke - FHSE news I University of Luxembourg\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/buergbrennen.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-02-15T08:16:48+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-02-15T08:27:27+00:00\",\"description\":\"The Buergbrennen will be held throughout Luxembourg on the weekend of 17 and 18 February. Sonja Kmec, a history professor at the University of Luxembourg, has studied this centuries-old tradition and how it has evolved over the years. Hot off the press!\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/buergbrennen.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/buergbrennen.png\",\"width\":1286,\"height\":874,\"caption\":\"Burning cross at the festivity of Buergbrennen\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/en\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"News\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Buergbrennen: When winter goes up in smoke\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/\",\"name\":\"FHSE\",\"description\":\"Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences I Uni.lu\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences I University of Luxembourg\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"FHSE - University of Luxembourg I Uni.lu\",\"alternateName\":\"Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/03112240\/FHSE_SM-Profile_1600x1600px-scaled.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/03112240\/FHSE_SM-Profile_1600x1600px-scaled.jpg\",\"width\":2560,\"height\":2560,\"caption\":\"FHSE - University of Luxembourg I Uni.lu\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/humanities.uni.lu\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/#\/schema\/person\/c438f03d51b691a88d09778fc4b1e214\",\"name\":\"mchristen\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/16d82684b572872e8e543a3c7bfe637a?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/16d82684b572872e8e543a3c7bfe637a?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"mchristen\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Buergbrennen: When winter goes up in smoke - FHSE news I University of Luxembourg","description":"The Buergbrennen will be held throughout Luxembourg on the weekend of 17 and 18 February. Sonja Kmec, a history professor at the University of Luxembourg, has studied this centuries-old tradition and how it has evolved over the years. Hot off the press!","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/","og_locale":"en_GB","og_type":"article","og_title":"Buergbrennen: When winter goes up in smoke","og_description":"The Buergbrennen will be held throughout Luxembourg on the weekend of 17 and 18 February. Sonja Kmec, a history professor at the University of Luxembourg, has studied this centuries-old tradition and how it has evolved over the years. Hot off the press!","og_url":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/","og_site_name":"FHSE EN","article_modified_time":"2024-02-15T08:27:27+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1286,"height":874,"url":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/buergbrennen.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Estimated reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"NewsArticle","@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/"},"author":{"name":"mchristen","@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/#\/schema\/person\/c438f03d51b691a88d09778fc4b1e214"},"headline":"Buergbrennen: When winter goes up in smoke","datePublished":"2024-02-15T08:16:48+00:00","dateModified":"2024-02-15T08:27:27+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/"},"wordCount":849,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/buergbrennen.png","inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/","url":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/","name":"Buergbrennen: When winter goes up in smoke - FHSE news I University of Luxembourg","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/buergbrennen.png","datePublished":"2024-02-15T08:16:48+00:00","dateModified":"2024-02-15T08:27:27+00:00","description":"The Buergbrennen will be held throughout Luxembourg on the weekend of 17 and 18 February. Sonja Kmec, a history professor at the University of Luxembourg, has studied this centuries-old tradition and how it has evolved over the years. Hot off the press!","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/buergbrennen.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/buergbrennen.png","width":1286,"height":874,"caption":"Burning cross at the festivity of Buergbrennen"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/buergbrennen-when-winter-goes-up-in-smoke\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/en"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences","item":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"News","item":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/news\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Buergbrennen: When winter goes up in smoke"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/","name":"FHSE","description":"Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences I Uni.lu","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/#organization"},"alternateName":"Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences I University of Luxembourg","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/#organization","name":"FHSE - University of Luxembourg I Uni.lu","alternateName":"Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences","url":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/03112240\/FHSE_SM-Profile_1600x1600px-scaled.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/03112240\/FHSE_SM-Profile_1600x1600px-scaled.jpg","width":2560,"height":2560,"caption":"FHSE - University of Luxembourg I Uni.lu"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/humanities.uni.lu\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/#\/schema\/person\/c438f03d51b691a88d09778fc4b1e214","name":"mchristen","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/16d82684b572872e8e543a3c7bfe637a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/16d82684b572872e8e543a3c7bfe637a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"mchristen"}}]}},"blog_id":2,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news\/5013"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/news"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/33"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news\/5013\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5019,"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news\/5013\/revisions\/5019"}],"wp:authorship":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/33"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5014"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5013"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"news-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-category?post=5013"},{"taxonomy":"news-topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-topic?post=5013"},{"taxonomy":"organisation","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/fhse-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/organisation?post=5013"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}