{"id":7559,"date":"2019-02-28T17:09:48","date_gmt":"2019-02-28T17:09:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/website.prod.unilu.spikeseed.cloud\/en\/news\/scientists-rejuvenate-stem-cells-in-the-aging-brain-of-mice\/"},"modified":"2019-02-28T17:09:48","modified_gmt":"2019-02-28T17:09:48","slug":"scientists-rejuvenate-stem-cells-in-the-aging-brain-of-mice","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/en\/news\/scientists-rejuvenate-stem-cells-in-the-aging-brain-of-mice\/","title":{"rendered":"Scientists rejuvenate stem cells in the aging brain of mice"},"content":{"rendered":"

Scientists from the Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) of the University of Luxembourg and from the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) have been able to rejuvenate stem cells in the brain of aging mice.<\/p>

The revitalised stem cells improve the regeneration of injured or diseased areas in the brain of old mice. The researchers expect that their approach will provide fresh impetus in regenerative medicine and facilitate the development of stem cell therapies. Their results were published today in the journal \u201cCell\u201d<\/a>.<\/p>

All cells making up our organs originate from stem cells. They divide and the resulting cells develop into specific tissue cells, forming the brain, lungs or bone marrow. With age, however, the stem cells of living organisms lose their ability to proliferate. Many of them lapse into a permanent state of quiescence.<\/p>

\n \n\"\"\n <\/figure>

<\/p>

In order to create as accurate as possible computational models of stem cell behaviour, the LCSB\u2019s Computational Biology Group<\/a> led by Prof. Antonio del Sol<\/a> applied a novel approach. \u201cStem cells live in a niche where they constantly interact with other cells and extra-cellular components. It is extremely difficult to model such a plethora of complex molecular interactions on the computer. So we shifted perspective. We stopped thinking about what external factors were affecting the stem cells, and started thinking about what the internal state of a stem cell would be like in its precisely defined niche.\u201d<\/p>

The novel approach led to in a new computational model developed by Dr. Srikanth Ravichandran of the Computational Biology Group: \u201cOur model can determine which proteins are responsible for the functional state of a given stem cell in its niche \u2013 meaning whether it will divide or remain in a state of quiescence. Our model relies on the information about which genes are being transcribed. Modern cell biology technologies enable profiling of gene expression at single cell resolution.\u201d<\/p>

It was previously unknown why most of the stem cells in the brain of old mice remain in a state of quiescence. From their computational model, the researchers at the LCSB identified a molecule called sFRP5 that keeps the neuronal stem cells inactive in old mice, and prevents proliferation by blocking the Wnt pathway crucial for cell differentiation.<\/p>\n

\nA rejuvenation for stem cells<\/h2>\n

Then the long-standing expertise in neural stem cells of the collaborators at the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)<\/a> came in: Studying stem cells first in a dish and then later directly in mice, they could experimentally validate the computational prediction. When neutralising the action of sFRP5, the quiescent stem cells did indeed start proliferating more actively. Thus, they were available again to be recruited for the regeneration processes in the aging brain. \u201cWith the deactivation of sFRP5, the cells undergo a kind of rejuvenation,\u201d del Sol says: \u201cAs a result, the ratio of active to dormant stem cells in the brain of old mice becomes almost as favourable as in young animals.\u201d<\/p>

\u201cOur results constitute an important step towards the implementation of stem cell-based therapies, for instance for neurodegenerative diseases,\u201d Antonio del Sol says. \u201cWe were able to show that, with computational models, it is possible to identify the essential features that are characteristic of a specific state of stem cells.\u201d This approach is not limited to studying the brain. It can also be used to model stem cells of other organs in the body. \u201cThe hope is that this will open avenues for regenerative medicine,\u201d says del Sol.<\/p>

Discover how we do stem cell research at the LCSB in below video.<\/p>

<\/p>

—<\/p>

Reference<\/strong>: Quiescence Modulates Stem Cell Maintenance and Regenerative Capacity in the Aging Brain, Georgios Kalamakis, Daniel Br\u00fcne, Srikanth Ravichandran, Jan Bolz, Wenqiang Fan, Frederik Ziebell, Thomas Stiehl, Francisco Catal\u00e1-Martinez, Janina Kupke, Sheng Zhao, Enric Llorens-Bobadilla, Katharina Bauer, Stefanie Limpert, Birgit Berger, Urs Christen, Peter Schmezer, Jan Philipp Mallm, Benedikt Berninger, Simon Anders, Antonio del Sol, Anna Marciniak-Czochra, Ana Martin-Villalba, Cell<\/i>, February 2019.<\/p><\/div><\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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