{"id":7874,"date":"2019-07-02T07:07:45","date_gmt":"2019-07-02T05:07:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/"},"modified":"2025-03-26T10:11:19","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T09:11:19","slug":"decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age","status":"publish","type":"articles","link":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/","title":{"rendered":"Decoding Europe \u2013 Technological Pasts in the Digital Age"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<section class=\"wp-block-unilux-blocks-free-section section\"><div class=\"container xl:max-w-screen-xl\">\n\n<p><strong>From 27 June to 1 July 2019, the Luxembourg Centre for Contemporary and Digital History (C\u00b2DH) at the University of Luxembourg hosted the 9th conference of the Tensions of Europe network. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tensionsofeurope.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tensions of Europe (ToE)<\/a> is an international scholarly network whose research focuses on three broad areas \u2013 history, Europe and technology \u2013 and how they are intertwined. Since 2013, the network has published the book series \u201cMaking Europe\u201d as a means of analysing how the history of Europe can be narrated by focusing not on a series of political changes but on the continuity of technological innovation and development. The last volume, edited by Andreas Fickers and Pascal Griset, was presented during the opening reception.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"alignfull wp-block-unilux-blocks-gallery-carousel\">\n    <div class=\"swiper swiper-gallery\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"A gallery of images\">\n        <!-- Swiper button Next & Prev -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-nav\">\n            <div class=\"swiper-nav__container\">\n                <div class=\"swiper-nav__grid\">\n                    <button type=\"button\" class=\"swiper-button-next\">\n                        <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-right \"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-right\"><\/use><\/svg>                    <\/button>\n                    <button type=\"button\" class=\"swiper-button-prev\">\n                        <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-left \"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-left\"><\/use><\/svg>                    <\/button>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <!-- swiper slides -->\n        <ul class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n            \n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5246_img_7373-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Andreas Fickers and Pascal Griset presenting &quot;Communicating Europe&quot;        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5256_img_7402-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            The last volume of the &quot;Making Europe\u201d book series        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5250_img_7380-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Book presentation during the opening reception        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5241_img_7359-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Pascal Griset        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>        <\/ul>\n\n        <!-- Swiper pagination -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-pagination\">\n            <div class=\"swiper-pagination__bullets\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<p>The C\u00b2DH, the University of Luxembourg\u2019s third interdisciplinary research centre, founded in 2016, seemed a logical host for this <a href=\"http:\/\/www.toe2019.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">9th conference<\/a>, entitled \u201cDecoding Europe \u2013 Technological Pasts in the Digital Age\u201d. Not only is the C\u00b2DH\u2019s Director, <a href=\"user\/18\">Prof. Dr Andreas Fickers<\/a>, an eminent member of the ToE network, but the C\u00b2DH is also keen to become an international hub for critical reflection on methodological and epistemological challenges in the digital age.<\/p>\n\n<p>Furthermore, the University of Luxembourg itself is an example of how technological pasts can be connected to the future. The university campus is located on a former industrial site and parts of the blast furnaces of one of the country\u2019s major steel plants have been cleverly integrated into the site\u2019s new urban backdrop.<\/p>\n\n<p>The 9th Tensions of Europe conference was opened on 27 June 2019 by Prof. Dr St\u00e9phane Pallage, Rector of the University of Luxembourg, Prof. Dr Andreas Fickers, Director of the C\u00b2DH, Prof. Aristotle Tympas, Chair of the Management Committee of the Tensions of Europe network, and Prof. Val\u00e9rie Schafer, Program chair, who addressed an audience of more than 150 researchers, mainly historians of technologies, from all over Europe.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"alignfull wp-block-unilux-blocks-gallery-carousel\">\n    <div class=\"swiper swiper-gallery\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"A gallery of images\">\n        <!-- Swiper button Next & Prev -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-nav\">\n            <div class=\"swiper-nav__container\">\n                <div class=\"swiper-nav__grid\">\n                    <button type=\"button\" class=\"swiper-button-next\">\n                        <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-right \"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-right\"><\/use><\/svg>                    <\/button>\n                    <button type=\"button\" class=\"swiper-button-prev\">\n                        <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-left \"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-left\"><\/use><\/svg>                    <\/button>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <!-- swiper slides -->\n        <ul class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n            \n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5292_9c0a7727-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Opening of the conference by St\u00e9phane Pallage        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5221_img_7301-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Opening of the conference        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5307_9c0a7760-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Welcome by Andreas Fickers        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5299_9c0a7741-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Aristotle Tympas        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5305_9c0a7753-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Val\u00e9rie Schafer        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5227_img_7317-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Reception desk        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5231_img_7328-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            View at the blast furnace in Belval        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>        <\/ul>\n\n        <!-- Swiper pagination -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-pagination\">\n            <div class=\"swiper-pagination__bullets\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<p>The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.toe2019.org\/conference-programme\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">conference programme<\/a>, devised under the supervision of an eminent <a href=\"http:\/\/www.toe2019.org\/committees\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">scientific committee<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.toe2019.org\/committees\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">programme committee<\/a> was unique and varied, and some key moments in particular merit special attention. Two keynotes and two plenary sessions set the pace for the discussions.<\/p>\n\n<p>In her keynote \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.toe2019.org\/keynote-speeches\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">What Colors the Historical Record<\/a>?\u201d, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.toe2019.org\/bethany-nowviskie\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Prof. Dr Bethany Nowviskie<\/a> from James Madison University showed how an 1821 book by Scottish flower painter Patrick Syme, which gives precise definitions for hues and colour names, not only shaped the way agents of the British Empire described what they saw in the New World; its digitisation also continues to shape our mental colour spectrum today. Will similar processes \u201cinfluence our future ability to study the shades of the past?\u201d.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"thumbnail  wp-block-unilux-blocks-thumbnail-video-vimeo\">\n    <span class=\"thumbnail__container\">\n        <span class=\"thumbnail__body\">\n            <span class=\"icon-rounded p-24 shadow bg-theme\">\n                <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-solid icon--play icon--white\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-solid.svg#icon--play\"><\/use><\/svg>            <\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--cover\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/vumbnail.com\/361977120:0b11758985.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: cover; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: cover; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure>    <\/span>\n    \n<div class=\"modal fade vimeo-modal wp-block-unilux-blocks-thumbnail-video-vimeo\" id=\"modal-dcOVw\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n    <div class=\"modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered modal-dialog-scrollable\">\n        <div class=\"modal-content\">\n            \n<div class=\"modal-header\">\n    <div class=\"modal-title\">\n        <h1 id=\"modal-filter-title\">Thumbnail Video<\/h1>\n    <\/div>\n    <button type=\"button\" class=\"modal__btn-close\" data-bs-dismiss=\"modal\">\n        <span class=\"modal__btn-close__name\">Close<\/span>\n    <\/button>\n<\/div>\n            \n<style>\n    .modal-body {\n        padding: 0 !important;\n        flex: auto;\n    }\n<\/style>\n<div class=\"modal-body\">\n    <div class=\"vimeo-video\" data-video-url=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/361977120?h=0b11758985?h=\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>The subsequent plenary session, chaired by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.toe2019.org\/jane-winters\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Prof. Dr Jane Winters<\/a>, adopted a more theoretical approach to the topic under the heading \u201cCoding Europe, Decoding its History\u201d.<\/p>\n\n<p>A second plenary session was dedicated to the future of the field investigated by the Tensions of Europe network. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.toe2019.org\/erik-van-der-vleuten\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Prof. Dr Erik van der Vleuten<\/a>\u2019s panel thus looked into the topic \u201cA History of Technology for an Age of Grand Challenges. First Results and Next Steps\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"alignfull wp-block-unilux-blocks-gallery-carousel\">\n    <div class=\"swiper swiper-gallery\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"A gallery of images\">\n        <!-- Swiper button Next & Prev -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-nav\">\n            <div class=\"swiper-nav__container\">\n                <div class=\"swiper-nav__grid\">\n                    <button type=\"button\" class=\"swiper-button-next\">\n                        <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-right \"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-right\"><\/use><\/svg>                    <\/button>\n                    <button type=\"button\" class=\"swiper-button-prev\">\n                        <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-left \"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-left\"><\/use><\/svg>                    <\/button>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <!-- swiper slides -->\n        <ul class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n            \n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5313_9c0a7772-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Keynote by Bethany Nowviskie        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5315_9c0a7774-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Live streaming of the keynote speech        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5416_img_7515-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Keynote by Niels Br\u00fcgger        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5323_9c0a7796-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Jane Winters introducing the plenary &#039;Coding Europe, Decoding its History&#039;        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5233_img_7331-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Plenary &#039;Coding Europe, Decoding its History&#039;        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5327_9c0a7803-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Julia Pohle \/ Plenary &#039;Coding Europe, Decoding its History&#039;        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5329_9c0a7816-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Janne Nielsen \/ Plenary &#039;Coding Europe, Decoding its History&#039;        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5332_9c0a7825-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Clavert \/ Plenary &#039;Coding Europe, Decoding its History&#039;        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5338_9c0a7845-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Ralf Futselaar \/ Plenary &#039;Coding Europe, Decoding its History&#039;        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5257_img_7405-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Plenary &#039;History of Technology for an Age of Grand Challenges. First Results and Next Steps.&#039;        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5205_9c0a8155-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Erik van der Vleuten \/ Plenary &#039;History of Technology for an Age of Grand Challenges&#039;        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5207_9c0a8158-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Karena Kalmbach \/ Plenary &#039;History of Technology for an Age of Grand Challenges&#039;        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5210_9c0a8166-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Ute Hasen\u00f6hrl \/ Plenary &#039;History of Technology for an Age of Grand Challenges&#039;        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5213_9c0a8177-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Stathis Arapostathis \/ Plenary &#039;History of Technology for an Age of Grand Challenges&#039;        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5212_9c0a8174-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Matthias Heymann \/ Plenary &#039;History of Technology for an Age of Grand Challenges&#039;        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5273_img_7435-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Plenary &#039;History of Technology for an Age of Grand Challenges&#039;        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toers5215_9c0a8184-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Angela Leung \/ Plenary &#039;History of Technology for an Age of Grand Challenges&#039;        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5216_9c0a8191-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>            <p class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image-caption\">\n            Andreas Fickers \/ Plenary &#039;History of Technology for an Age of Grand Challenges&#039;        <\/p>\n    <\/figure><\/li>        <\/ul>\n\n        <!-- Swiper pagination -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-pagination\">\n            <div class=\"swiper-pagination__bullets\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<p>Bringing a more practical dimension to the conference, a special event was dedicated to \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.toe2019.org\/keynote-speeches\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Media Archeology with PAMAL<\/a>\u201d, an initiative that has resurrected the French Minitel and its famous online services that existed prior to the invention of the World Wide Web.<\/p>\n\n<p>Finally, the keynote by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.toe2019.org\/niels-brugger\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Prof. Dr Niels Br\u00fcgger<\/a>, from Aarhus University in Denmark, closed the conference by highlighting \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.toe2019.org\/keynote-speeches\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tensions in the web archive \u2013 How the forms of archiving in national web archives may affect the writing of European history<\/a>\u201d. He argued that, while the source material of the future will probably mainly be digital, part of it will be digitised, born digital or reborn digital, and each category will have specific characteristics and heuristic needs.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"thumbnail  wp-block-unilux-blocks-thumbnail-video-vimeo\">\n    <span class=\"thumbnail__container\">\n        <span class=\"thumbnail__body\">\n            <span class=\"icon-rounded p-24 shadow bg-theme\">\n                <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-solid icon--play icon--white\"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-solid.svg#icon--play\"><\/use><\/svg>            <\/span>\n        <\/span>\n        <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--cover\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/vumbnail.com\/361982336:7055cb0d04.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: cover; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: cover; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure>    <\/span>\n    \n<div class=\"modal fade vimeo-modal wp-block-unilux-blocks-thumbnail-video-vimeo\" id=\"modal-gtpWV\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n    <div class=\"modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered modal-dialog-scrollable\">\n        <div class=\"modal-content\">\n            \n<div class=\"modal-header\">\n    <div class=\"modal-title\">\n        <h1 id=\"modal-filter-title\">Thumbnail Video<\/h1>\n    <\/div>\n    <button type=\"button\" class=\"modal__btn-close\" data-bs-dismiss=\"modal\">\n        <span class=\"modal__btn-close__name\">Close<\/span>\n    <\/button>\n<\/div>\n            \n<style>\n    .modal-body {\n        padding: 0 !important;\n        flex: auto;\n    }\n<\/style>\n<div class=\"modal-body\">\n    <div class=\"vimeo-video\" data-video-url=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/361982336?h=7055cb0d04?h=\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>This focus on the future reflected another central aim of the conference, namely to highlight historical topics with a link to the present. One panel was dedicated to \u201cSpace programs and European narratives on human flights\u201d, while another panel looked into the historical roots of data protection rules by analysing \u201cComputing and privacy: the debate in Europe from the mid-1960s to the 1980s\u201d.<\/p>\n\n<p>Tensions of Europe is not limited to scientific research; the network also has a public outreach and education dimension. The 9th Tensions of Europe conference was thus preceded by an <a href=\"http:\/\/www.toe2019.org\/early-career-summer-school\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">early career summer school<\/a> on the topic \u201cTowards Digital Science and Technology Studies: Challenges and Opportunities\u201d, attended by 30 young researchers.<\/p>\n\n<p>Two panels were also dedicated to digital tools and methods.<\/p>\n\n\n<section class=\"alignfull wp-block-unilux-blocks-gallery-carousel\">\n    <div class=\"swiper swiper-gallery\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"A gallery of images\">\n        <!-- Swiper button Next & Prev -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-nav\">\n            <div class=\"swiper-nav__container\">\n                <div class=\"swiper-nav__grid\">\n                    <button type=\"button\" class=\"swiper-button-next\">\n                        <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-right \"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-right\"><\/use><\/svg>                    <\/button>\n                    <button type=\"button\" class=\"swiper-button-prev\">\n                        <svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" class=\"icon icon-outline icon--arrow-left \"><use xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/themes\/unilux-theme\/assets\/images\/icons\/icons-outline.svg#icon--arrow-left\"><\/use><\/svg>                    <\/button>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <!-- swiper slides -->\n        <ul class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n            \n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5177_9c0a8094-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5179_9c0a8101-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5181_9c0a8104-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5182_9c0a8111-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5185_9c0a8116-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5189_9c0a8125-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5194_9c0a8132-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5197_9c0a8138-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5198_9c0a8139-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5240_img_7357-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5245_img_7370-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5253_img_7395-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5281_img_7444-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5283_img_7447-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5342_9c0a8026-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5343_9c0a8030-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5346_9c0a8036-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5353_9c0a8048-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5362_9c0a8063-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5365_9c0a8070-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5367_9c0a8078-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5400_img_7493-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5404_img_7497-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>\n<li class=\"swiper-slide\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\">\n    <figure class=\"wp-block-dev4-reusable-blocks-image swiper-slide__bg object-fit--contain\">\n    \n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-block-image unilux-custom-image-block\"\n                alt=\"\"\n            src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_rs5412_img_7511-scr.jpg\"\n                    style=\"object-position: 50.00% 50.00%; font-family: &quot;object-fit: contain; object-position: 50.00% 50.00%;&quot;; aspect-ratio: 16\/9; object-fit: contain; width: 100%;\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n\/>    <\/figure><\/li>        <\/ul>\n\n        <!-- Swiper pagination -->\n        <div class=\"swiper-pagination\">\n            <div class=\"swiper-pagination__bullets\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<p>In conclusion, the 9th Tensions of Europe conference contributed in three significant ways to current historical research on Europe and technology.<\/p>\n\n<p>First of all, it helped widen reflections on technology and its links to societal challenges and developments. Second, the crucial role technology, experts and networks \u2013 both people and infrastructures \u2013 have played and continue to play in the evolution of Europe were highlighted. This is particularly interesting in a Europe that is currently struggling to reconcile its historical roots with its ambitions for the future. Finally, hosting the Tensions of Europe network in Belval was a way of associating theoretical aspirations with the real possibilities raised by research on the history of technology.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>We would like to thank our sponsors, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fnr.lu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fonds National de la Recherche<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.luxinnovation.lu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Luxinnovation<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/digital-luxembourg.public.lu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Digital Luxembourg<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/wwwen.uni.lu\/research\/robert_schuman_institute_of_european_affairs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Robert Schuman Initiative<\/a>, for their valuable contribution to this successful event.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/partners_toe.png\"><\/p>\n\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-unilux-blocks-heading\"    >\nAuthor(s)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"ulux-list\">\n\n<li class=\"ulux-list-item\">Florian Vetter<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"ulux-list-item\">Aur\u00e9lia Lafontaine<\/li>\n\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>From 27 June to 1 July 2019, the Luxembourg Centre for Contemporary and Digital History (C\u00b2DH) at the University of Luxembourg hosted the 9th conference of the Tensions of Europe network. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7806,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"featured_image_focal_point":[],"show_featured_caption":false,"ulux_newsletter_groups":"","uluxPostTitle":"","uluxPrePostTitle":"","_trash_the_other_posts":false,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false},"articles-category":[],"articles-topic":[423,419,414,403,447,430],"organisation":[221],"authorship":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.3 (Yoast SEO v22.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Decoding Europe \u2013 Technological Pasts in the Digital Age - C2DH EN<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Decoding Europe \u2013 Technological Pasts in the Digital Age\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"From 27 June to 1 July 2019, the Luxembourg Centre for Contemporary and Digital History (C\u00b2DH) at the University of Luxembourg hosted the 9th conference of the Tensions of Europe network.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"C2DH EN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/c2dh.lu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-03-26T09:11:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_7412_full_width.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"783\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/\",\"name\":\"Decoding Europe \u2013 Technological Pasts in the Digital Age - C2DH EN\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_7412_full_width.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-07-02T05:07:45+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-03-26T09:11:19+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_7412_full_width.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_7412_full_width.jpg\",\"width\":1500,\"height\":783},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/en\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Luxembourg Centre for Contemporary and Digital History (C\u00b2DH)\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Articles\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Decoding Europe \u2013 Technological Pasts in the Digital Age\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/\",\"name\":\"C2DH\",\"description\":\"Luxembourg Centre for Contemporary and Digital History I Uni.lu\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"Luxembourg Centre for Contemporary and Digital History I University of Luxembourg\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"C\u00b2DH - University of Luxembourg I Uni.lu\",\"alternateName\":\"Luxembourg Centre for Contemporary and Digital History\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2026\/03\/03113407\/C2DH_SM-Profile_1600x1600px-scaled.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2026\/03\/03113407\/C2DH_SM-Profile_1600x1600px-scaled.jpg\",\"width\":2560,\"height\":2560,\"caption\":\"C\u00b2DH - University of Luxembourg I Uni.lu\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/c2dh.lu\",\"http:\/\/www.instagram.com\/c2dh_lu\",\"http:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/showcase\/c2dh-university-of-luxembourg\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Decoding Europe \u2013 Technological Pasts in the Digital Age - C2DH EN","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/","og_locale":"en_GB","og_type":"article","og_title":"Decoding Europe \u2013 Technological Pasts in the Digital Age","og_description":"From 27 June to 1 July 2019, the Luxembourg Centre for Contemporary and Digital History (C\u00b2DH) at the University of Luxembourg hosted the 9th conference of the Tensions of Europe network.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/","og_site_name":"C2DH EN","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/c2dh.lu","article_modified_time":"2025-03-26T09:11:19+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1500,"height":783,"url":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_7412_full_width.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Estimated reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/","url":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/","name":"Decoding Europe \u2013 Technological Pasts in the Digital Age - C2DH EN","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_7412_full_width.jpg","datePublished":"2019-07-02T05:07:45+00:00","dateModified":"2025-03-26T09:11:19+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_7412_full_width.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2025\/03\/toe_7412_full_width.jpg","width":1500,"height":783},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/decoding-europe-technological-pasts-in-the-digital-age\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/en"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Luxembourg Centre for Contemporary and Digital History (C\u00b2DH)","item":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Articles","item":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/articles\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Decoding Europe \u2013 Technological Pasts in the Digital Age"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/","name":"C2DH","description":"Luxembourg Centre for Contemporary and Digital History I Uni.lu","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/#organization"},"alternateName":"Luxembourg Centre for Contemporary and Digital History I University of Luxembourg","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/#organization","name":"C\u00b2DH - University of Luxembourg I Uni.lu","alternateName":"Luxembourg Centre for Contemporary and Digital History","url":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2026\/03\/03113407\/C2DH_SM-Profile_1600x1600px-scaled.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2026\/03\/03113407\/C2DH_SM-Profile_1600x1600px-scaled.jpg","width":2560,"height":2560,"caption":"C\u00b2DH - University of Luxembourg I Uni.lu"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/c2dh.lu","http:\/\/www.instagram.com\/c2dh_lu","http:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/showcase\/c2dh-university-of-luxembourg"]}]}},"blog_id":7,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/articles\/7874"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/articles"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/articles"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/articles\/7874\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8148,"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/articles\/7874\/revisions\/8148"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7806"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7874"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"articles-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/articles-category?post=7874"},{"taxonomy":"articles-topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/articles-topic?post=7874"},{"taxonomy":"organisation","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uni.lu\/c2dh-en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/organisation?post=7874"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}